AVANCE DEL PREACUERDO DE RÍO MÁS 20

AVANCE DEL PREACUERDO DE RÍO MÁS 20

Ahora os incluyo este importante documento adjunto,  de “intenciones”, lo que ya en sí es muy bueno, pues los representantes de los gobiernos del mundo, están trazando estas líneas, de cara al acuerdo final.

Es de anhelar, que se convierta en hechos, con dotaciones económicas adecuadas, con los cambios necesarios en las naciones y en todo el mundo, para este renacer de la forma de vida de la Humanidad Planetaria.

Roguemos a Dios, que abra las Conciencias de los representantes y Presidentes, de los gobiernos del mundo para que los acuerdos sean efectivos, ya que están hasta ahora en las líneas y objetivos propuestos por las Naciones Unidas, y por las propuestas hechas por la mayoría de las ONGs.

Es muy largo, pero muy IMPORTANTE y POSITIVO:

Como acostumbro, en estos casos, abajo está en inglés, y además traducido al español y portugués, automáticamente (buscar con las palabras ingles, español y portugués, sin acento y con Ctrl B, desde Word o con Ctrl F desde un navegador, aunque no todos lo permiten)

(ESPAÑOL, traducido hasta el punto 56)

Nuestra visión común

1. Nosotros, los Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno y representantes de alto nivel, reunidos en Río de Janeiro, Brasil, 20-22 junio de 2012, con la plena participación de la sociedad civil, renovamos nuestro compromiso con el desarrollo sostenible, y para garantizar la promoción de la económica , el futuro social y ambientalmente sostenible para nuestro planeta y para las generaciones presentes y futuras. [Convenido ad referéndum]

2. Erradicar la pobreza es el mayor desafío que enfrenta el mundo de hoy y un requisito indispensable para el desarrollo sostenible. En este sentido nos hemos comprometido a la humanidad de la pobreza extrema y el hambre como una cuestión de urgencia.

3. Reconocemos la necesidad de seguir integrar el desarrollo sostenible en todos los niveles que integran aspectos económicos, sociales y ambientales y el reconocimiento de sus interrelaciones, con el fin de lograr el desarrollo sostenible en todas sus dimensiones.

4. Reconocemos que la erradicación de la pobreza, junto con el cambio sostenible y la promoción de patrones sostenibles de consumo y producción y la protección y gestión de la base de recursos naturales del desarrollo económico y social son los objetivos generales y requisitos esenciales para el desarrollo sostenible. Asimismo, reafirmamos la necesidad de lograr un desarrollo sostenible mediante: la promoción del crecimiento económico sostenido, inclusivo y equitativo, la creación de mayores oportunidades para todos, reducir las desigualdades, elevar los niveles básicos de vida, el fomento de un desarrollo equitativo e inclusión social, y promover la gestión integrada y sostenible de los recursos naturales los recursos y ecosistemas que apoya entre otras cosas, el desarrollo económico, social y humano, al tiempo que facilita la conservación del ecosistema, la regeneración y la restauración y la resistencia frente a desafíos nuevos y emergentes.

5. Reafirmamos nuestro compromiso de hacer todo lo posible para acelerar el logro de los objetivos de desarrollo convenidos internacionalmente, incluidos los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio (ODM) en 2015. [Convenido ad referéndum]

6. Reconocemos que las personas están en el centro del desarrollo sostenible y en este sentido, luchamos por un mundo que sea justo, equitativo e incluyente, y nos comprometemos a trabajar juntos para promover el crecimiento económico sostenido e incluyente, el desarrollo social, protección del medio ambiente y por lo tanto para beneficio de todos. [Convenido ad referéndum]

7. Reafirmamos que seguir guiándose por los propósitos y principios de la Carta de las Naciones Unidas, y con pleno respeto del derecho internacional y sus principios. [Convenido ad referéndum]

8. Reafirmamos también la importancia de la libertad, la paz y la seguridad, el respeto de todos los derechos humanos, incluido el derecho al desarrollo y el derecho a un nivel de vida adecuado, incluido el derecho a una alimentación adecuada, el Estado de Derecho, la igualdad de género y el empoderamiento de las mujeres y el compromiso general de sociedades justas y democráticas para el desarrollo.

9. Reafirmamos la importancia de la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos, así como otros instrumentos internacionales relativos a los derechos humanos y del derecho internacional. Hacemos hincapié en las responsabilidades de todos los Estados, de conformidad con la Carta de las Naciones Unidas, de respetar, proteger y promover los derechos humanos y las libertades fundamentales de todos, sin distinción de ningún tipo por motivos de raza, color, sexo, idioma o religión, política o otra índole, origen nacional o social, posición económica, nacimiento, discapacidad u otra. [Convenido ad referéndum]

10. Reconocemos que la democracia, buena gobernanza y el imperio de la ley, en los planos nacional e internacional, así como un entorno propicio son esenciales para el desarrollo sostenible, incluyendo el crecimiento económico sostenido e incluyente, el desarrollo social, protección del medio ambiente y la erradicación de la pobreza y la el hambre. Reafirmamos que para lograr nuestros objetivos de desarrollo sostenible. Necesitamos instituciones en todos los niveles que sean eficaces, transparentes, responsables y democráticas. [Convenido ad referéndum]

11. Reafirmamos nuestro compromiso de fortalecer la cooperación internacional para hacer frente a los desafíos persistentes relacionados con el desarrollo sostenible para todos, en particular en los países en desarrollo. En este sentido, reafirmamos la necesidad de lograr la estabilidad económica y un crecimiento económico sostenido, la promoción de la equidad social y protección del medio ambiente, al tiempo que mejora la igualdad de género y las oportunidades de empoderamiento y la igualdad de las mujeres para todos, y la protección, la supervivencia y el desarrollo de los niños a su máximo potencial, en particular mediante la educación. [Convenido ad referéndum]

12. Estamos decididos a tomar medidas urgentes para lograr el desarrollo sostenible. Por lo tanto, renovamos nuestro compromiso con el desarrollo sostenible, la evaluación de los progresos realizados hasta la fecha y las lagunas que aún existen en la aplicación de los resultados de las principales cumbres sobre desarrollo sostenible y hacer frente a desafíos nuevos y emergentes. Expresamos nuestra determinación de abordar los temas de la Conferencia, es decir, una economía verde en el contexto del desarrollo sostenible y la erradicación de la pobreza, y el marco institucional para el desarrollo sostenible. [Convenido ad referéndum]

13. Somos conscientes de que las oportunidades de las personas para influir en sus vidas y el futuro, participar en la toma de decisiones y expresar sus preocupaciones son fundamentales para el desarrollo sostenible. Ponemos de relieve que el desarrollo sostenible requiere medidas concretas y urgentes. Sólo se puede lograr con una amplia alianza de personas, gobiernos, sociedad civil y el sector privado, todos trabajando juntos para asegurar el futuro que queremos para las generaciones presentes y futuras. [Convenido ad referéndum]


II. Renovar el compromiso político

A. Reafirmando los principios de Río y los planes de acción anteriores

14. Recordamos la Declaración de Estocolmo de la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Medio Humano aprobada en Estocolmo el 16 de junio de 1972. [Convenido ad referéndum]

15. Reafirmamos también que todos los principios contenidos en la Declaración de Río sobre el Medio Ambiente y el Desarrollo, incluyendo el principio de responsabilidades comunes pero diferenciadas, y la equidad, servirá de base para la cooperación, la coherencia y la aplicación de los compromisos de desarrollo sostenible, incluyendo este resultado, y la voluntad seguir orientando a la comunidad internacional en el logro del desarrollo sostenible y el futuro que queremos.

16. Reafirmamos nuestro compromiso de aplicar plenamente la Declaración de Río sobre el Medio Ambiente y el Desarrollo, la Agenda 21, el Plan para la ulterior ejecución del Programa 21, la Declaración de Johannesburgo sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible y el Plan de Aplicación de la Cumbre Mundial sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible, el Programa de Barbados de Acción y la Estrategia de Mauricio para la Ejecución. Asimismo, reafirmamos nuestro compromiso con la plena aplicación del Programa de Acción de Estambul para los países menos adelantados, el Programa de Acción de Almaty para los Países en Desarrollo sin Litoral, la declaración política sobre las necesidades de desarrollo de África y la Nueva Alianza para el Desarrollo de África. Recordamos además nuestros compromisos en los resultados de todas las grandes conferencias y cumbres de las Naciones Unidas en las esferas económica, social y ambiental, incluyendo la Declaración del Milenio y la Cumbre Mundial de 2005, el Consenso de Monterrey y la Declaración de Doha sobre la Financiación para el Desarrollo , el documento final de la Reunión Plenaria de Alto Nivel de la Asamblea General de la ONU sobre los ODM, el Programa de Acción de la Conferencia Internacional sobre la Población y el Desarrollo, las medidas clave para seguir ejecutando el Programa de Acción y la Declaración de Beijing y Plataforma de Acción.

17. Reconocemos la importancia de las tres Convenciones de Río para avanzar en el desarrollo sostenible y en este aspecto, instamos a todas las Partes a cumplir plenamente sus compromisos bajo la Convención Marco de Naciones Unidas sobre el Cambio Climático (CMNUCC), el Convenio sobre la Diversidad Biológica (CDB) y el Reino Unido Naciones Unidas de Lucha contra la Desertificación (CLD), de conformidad con sus respectivos principios y disposiciones, así como a tomar medidas efectivas y concretas y medidas en todos los niveles, y reforzar la cooperación internacional.

18. Estamos decididos a revitalizar la voluntad política y para elevar el nivel de compromiso de la comunidad internacional para avanzar en la agenda del desarrollo sostenible, a través de la consecución de los objetivos de desarrollo convenidos internacionalmente, incluidos los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio. Reafirmamos nuestros compromisos respectivos a otras metas pertinentes internacionalmente acordados en las esferas económica, social y ambiental desde 1992. Por lo tanto, estamos decididos a adoptar medidas concretas que aceleren el cumplimiento de los compromisos de desarrollo sostenible.

B. desarrollo de la integración, implementación, y la coherencia: La evaluación de los progresos realizados hasta la fecha y las lagunas que aún existen en la aplicación de los resultados de las principales cumbres sobre desarrollo sostenible y hacer frente a desafíos nuevos y emergentes

19. Somos conscientes de que los veinte años transcurridos desde la Cumbre de la Tierra en el año 1992 hemos visto un progreso desigual, incluso en el desarrollo sostenible y la erradicación de la pobreza. Hacemos hincapié en la necesidad de avanzar en la implementación de los compromisos anteriores. Reconocemos también la necesidad de acelerar el proceso para cerrar las brechas de desarrollo entre los países desarrollados y en desarrollo, y aprovechar y crear oportunidades para lograr el desarrollo sostenible mediante el crecimiento económico y la protección de la diversificación, el desarrollo social y el medio ambiente. Con este fin, subrayamos la necesidad continua de un entorno propicio en los planos nacional e internacional, así como continuar y fortalecer la cooperación internacional, particularmente en las áreas de finanzas, la deuda, el comercio y la transferencia de tecnología, de común acuerdo, y la innovación y el espíritu empresarial, la creación de capacidad, la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas. Reconocemos la diversificación de los actores y partes interesadas que participan en la búsqueda del desarrollo sostenible. En este contexto, afirmamos la necesidad de seguir utilizando la voz y el aumento de la participación plena y efectiva de todos los países, en particular los países en desarrollo en toma de decisiones globales.

20. Reconocemos que desde 1992 ha habido áreas de progreso insuficiente y retrocesos en la integración de las tres dimensiones del desarrollo sostenible, agravada por múltiples financiera, económica, alimentaria y crisis energética, que han amenazado la capacidad de todos los países, en particular los países en desarrollo , para lograr el desarrollo sostenible y en este sentido, es fundamental que cumplir todos sus compromisos anteriores, sin regresión. También reconocemos que uno de los retos actuales más importantes para todos los países, en particular para los países en desarrollo, es el impacto de las múltiples crisis que afectan al mundo hoy, incluyendo los impactos actuales de la crisis económica y financiera.


21. Estamos profundamente preocupados de que uno de cada cinco personas en este planeta, o más de mil millones de personas, todavía viven en la pobreza extrema, y ​​que uno de cada siete o 14% sufre desnutrición, mientras que problemas de salud pública, incluyendo las pandemias y las epidemias siguen siendo amenazas omnipresentes. En este contexto, tomamos nota de los debates en curso sobre la seguridad humana en la Asamblea General de Naciones Unidas. Somos conscientes de que con la población del mundo estima que superará los nueve mil millones en 2050 y se estima que dos terceras partes viven en las ciudades que tenemos que aumentar nuestros esfuerzos para lograr el desarrollo sostenible y, en particular, la erradicación de la pobreza y el hambre.

22. Reconocemos ejemplos de los avances en el desarrollo sostenible en los ámbitos regional, nacional, subnacional y local. Tomamos nota de que los esfuerzos para lograr el desarrollo sostenible se han visto reflejados en las políticas regionales, nacionales y sub-nacionales y los planes, y que los gobiernos han reforzado su compromiso con el desarrollo sostenible desde la aprobación de la Agenda 21 a través de la legislación y las instituciones y el desarrollo e implementación de acuerdos internacionales, regionales y subregionales y compromisos. [Convenido ad referéndum]

23. Reafirmamos la importancia de apoyar a los países en desarrollo en sus esfuerzos por erradicar la pobreza y promover el empoderamiento de los grupos pobres y vulnerables, incluyendo la eliminación de barreras a las oportunidades y aumentar la capacidad productiva, el desarrollo de la agricultura sostenible, y promover el empleo pleno y productivo y trabajo decente para todos, que se complementa por políticas sociales eficaces, incluyendo los pisos de protección social, con miras a la consecución de los objetivos de desarrollo convenidos internacionalmente, incluidos los ODM. [Convenido ad referéndum]

24. Expresamos profunda preocupación por los continuados altos niveles de desempleo y subempleo, especialmente entre los jóvenes, y tenga en cuenta la necesidad de estrategias de desarrollo sostenible para hacer frente de forma proactiva el empleo juvenil en todos los niveles. En este sentido, reconocemos la necesidad de una estrategia mundial sobre la juventud y la creación de empleo en la labor de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT).

25. Reconocemos que el cambio climático es una crisis transversal y persistente, y expresamos nuestra preocupación de que la magnitud y la gravedad de los impactos negativos del cambio climático afecta a todos los países y socavar la capacidad de todos los países, en particular, los países en desarrollo para lograr el desarrollo sostenible y los ODM y poner en peligro la viabilidad y la supervivencia de todas las naciones. Por lo tanto, subrayar que la lucha contra el cambio climático requiere una acción urgente y ambicioso, de conformidad con los principios y disposiciones de la CMNUCC.


26. Instamos a la comunidad internacional a adoptar medidas urgentes y eficaces para eliminar el uso de medidas económicas coercitivas unilaterales contra países en desarrollo que no estén autorizados por los órganos pertinentes de las Naciones Unidas o sean incompatibles con los principios del derecho internacional según se establece en la Carta de las Naciones Unidas y que contravengan los principios básicos del sistema multilateral de comercio.

27. Reiteramos nuestro compromiso, expresado en el Plan de Aplicación de Johannesburgo, en la Final de la Cumbre Mundial de 2005 y la Cumbre del Milenio de 2010, a que adopten otras medidas y acciones efectivas, de conformidad con el derecho internacional, para eliminar los obstáculos a la plena realización de los el derecho de autodeterminación de los pueblos que viven bajo ocupación colonial y extranjera, que siguen afectan negativamente a su desarrollo económico y social, así como su medio ambiente y son incompatibles con la dignidad y el valor de la persona humana y deben ser combatidos y eliminados.

28. Reafirmamos también que, de conformidad con la Declaración sobre los principios de derecho internacional referentes a las relaciones de amistad ya la cooperación entre los Estados de conformidad con la Carta de las Naciones Unidas, esto no se interpretará en el sentido de que autoriza o fomenta acción alguna encaminada a quebrantar o menoscabar, total o en parte, a la integridad territorial o la unidad política de Estados soberanos e independientes que se conduzcan de conformidad con el principio de igualdad de derechos y libre determinación de los pueblos y, por tanto, dotados de un gobierno que represente a todo el pueblo perteneciente al territorio, sin distinción de ningún tipo.

29. Reconocemos que muchas personas, especialmente los pobres, dependen directamente de los ecosistemas para su sustento, su desarrollo económico, social y el bienestar físico, y su patrimonio cultural. Por esta razón, es fundamental para generar trabajo decente y los ingresos que disminuyan las disparidades en los niveles de vida para satisfacer mejor las necesidades de la gente y promover medios de vida sostenibles y las prácticas y el uso sostenible de los recursos naturales y los ecosistemas. [Convenido ad referéndum]

30. Hacemos hincapié en que el desarrollo sostenible debe ser inclusivo y centrado en las personas, en beneficio y la participación de todas las personas, incluidos jóvenes y niños. Reconocemos que la igualdad de género y el empoderamiento de las mujeres son importantes para el desarrollo sostenible y nuestro futuro común. Reafirmamos nuestro compromiso de garantizar la igualdad de derechos de la mujer, el acceso y las oportunidades de participación y liderazgo en la economía, la sociedad y la toma de decisiones políticas, en el contexto de la aplicación del Programa de Acción de la Conferencia Internacional sobre la Población y el Desarrollo, las acciones clave para la ejecución ulterior del Programa de Acción (CIPD +5), la Declaración de Beijing y la Plataforma de Acción de Beijing.

31. Reconocemos que cada país se enfrenta a retos específicos para lograr el desarrollo sostenible y que ponen de relieve los problemas especiales que enfrentan los países más vulnerables y en particular los países africanos, los países menos adelantados, países sin litoral y los pequeños Estados insulares, así como los desafíos específicos que enfrentan los países de ingresos medios. Los países en situaciones de conflicto también necesitan atención especial. [Convenido ad referéndum]

32. Reafirmamos nuestro compromiso de tomar medidas urgentes y concretas para abordar la vulnerabilidad de los pequeños Estados insulares en desarrollo (PEID), entre otras cosas mediante la aplicación sostenida de la Estrategia de Mauricio para la Ejecución y el Programa de Acción de Barbados, y subrayan la urgencia de encontrar soluciones adicionales a la grandes retos que enfrentan los pequeños Estados insulares en forma concertada con el fin de apoyarlos en mantener el impulso realizado en la aplicación del Programa de Acción de Barbados y la Estrategia de Mauricio para la ejecución y logro del desarrollo sostenible. [Convenido ad referéndum]

33. Reafirmamos que el Programa de Acción de Estambul para los Países Menos Adelantados para el Decenio 2011-2020 esboza los países menos adelantados las prioridades para el desarrollo sostenible y define un marco para la asociación renovada y fortalecida global para ponerlas en práctica. Nos comprometemos a ayudar a los PMA con la aplicación del PAI, así como sus esfuerzos para lograr el desarrollo sostenible. [Convenido ad referéndum]

34. Somos conscientes de que debería prestarse más atención a África y el cumplimiento de los compromisos previamente acordados relacionados con sus necesidades de desarrollo que se hicieron en las principales Cumbres y Conferencias de las Naciones Unidas. Tomamos nota de que la ayuda a África ha aumentado en los últimos años. Sin embargo, todavía se queda atrás en los compromisos que se hicieron previamente. Hacemos hincapié en la prioridad fundamental de la comunidad internacional de apoyar los esfuerzos sostenibles de desarrollo de África. En este sentido, nuevamente a cumplir plenamente los compromisos acordados a nivel internacional relacionados con las necesidades de desarrollo de África, particularmente las contenidas en la Declaración del Milenio, la Declaración sobre la Nueva Alianza para el Desarrollo de África, el Consenso de Monterrey de la Conferencia Internacional sobre la Financiación para el Desarrollo , el Plan de Aplicación de la Cumbre Mundial sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible (Plan de Aplicación de Johannesburgo) y el Documento Final de la Cumbre Mundial 2005, así como la Declaración de 2008 sobre las necesidades de política de desarrollo de África.

35. Somos conscientes de las graves limitaciones para lograr el desarrollo sostenible en todas sus tres dimensiones en los países en desarrollo sin litoral. En este sentido, reafirmamos nuestro compromiso de atender las necesidades especiales de desarrollo y los desafíos que enfrentan los países en desarrollo sin litoral a través de la aplicación plena, eficaz y oportuna del Programa de Acción de Almaty, que figura en la Declaración sobre la revisión a medio plazo. [Convenido ad referéndum]

36. Reconocemos los avances logrados por los países de ingresos en la mejora del bienestar de sus pueblos, así como el desarrollo específico de los desafíos que enfrentan en sus esfuerzos por erradicar la pobreza, reducir las desigualdades y lograr sus objetivos de desarrollo, incluidos los ODM, y para lograr el desarrollo sostenible de una manera global que integre las dimensiones económica, social y ambiental. Reiteramos que estos esfuerzos deben ser debidamente apoyados por la comunidad internacional, a través de diversas formas, teniendo en cuenta las necesidades y la capacidad de movilizar los recursos internos de estos países.

37. Somos conscientes de que el planeta Tierra y sus ecosistemas son nuestro hogar y que la Madre Tierra es una expresión común en varios países y regiones, y tomamos nota de que algunos países reconocen los derechos de la naturaleza en el contexto de la promoción del desarrollo sostenible. Estamos convencidos de que a fin de lograr un justo equilibrio entre las necesidades económicas, sociales y medio ambiente de las generaciones presentes y futuras, es necesario promover la armonía con la naturaleza.

38. Hacemos un llamado a un enfoque holístico e integrado del desarrollo sostenible, que guiará a la humanidad a vivir en armonía con la naturaleza y llevar a los esfuerzos para restaurar la salud y la integridad del ecosistema de la Tierra. [Convenido ad referéndum]

39. Reconocemos la diversidad natural y cultural del mundo y reconocer que todas las culturas y civilizaciones pueden contribuir al desarrollo sostenible. [Convenido ad referéndum]

C. La participación de los grupos principales y otras partes interesadas [Convenido ad referéndum]

40. Reafirmamos el papel esencial de todos los niveles de gobierno y los órganos legislativos en la promoción del desarrollo sostenible. Reconocemos asimismo los esfuerzos y los progresos realizados a nivel local y subnacional, y reconocer el papel importante que dichas autoridades y las comunidades pueden desempeñar en la aplicación del desarrollo sostenible, incluso mediante la participación de los ciudadanos y las partes interesadas, y proporcionarles la información pertinente, según proceda, en las tres dimensiones del desarrollo sostenible. Reconocemos asimismo la importancia de la participación de todos los tomadores de decisiones relevantes en la planificación e implementación de políticas de desarrollo sostenible. [Convenido ad referéndum]

41. Subrayamos que la amplia participación pública y acceso a los procedimientos de información y judiciales y administrativos son esenciales para la promoción del desarrollo sostenible. El desarrollo sostenible requiere la participación significativa y la participación activa de los parlamentos regionales, nacionales y subnacionales y judiciales, y todos los grupos principales: mujeres, niños y jóvenes, pueblos indígenas, organizaciones no gubernamentales, autoridades locales, trabajadores y sindicatos, el comercio y la la industria, la comunidad científica y tecnológica, y los agricultores, así como otras partes interesadas, incluidas las comunidades locales, grupos de voluntarios y las fundaciones, los migrantes, sus familias, así como las personas mayores y personas con discapacidad. Estos grupos de interés contribuyen con sus opiniones, conocimientos y saber hacer. En este sentido, nos comprometemos a colaborar más estrechamente con los Grupos Principales y otras partes interesadas y fomentar su participación activa, en su caso, en los procesos que contribuyen a la toma de decisiones, planificación y ejecución de políticas y programas para el desarrollo sostenible en todos los niveles.

42. Reconocemos el papel de la sociedad civil y la importancia de que todos los miembros de la sociedad civil para participar activamente en el desarrollo sostenible. Somos conscientes de que una mayor participación de la sociedad civil depende de fortalecer el acceso a la información, la construcción de capacidad de la sociedad civil, así como un entorno propicio, y respetando el derecho a la libertad de asociación y de reunión, de conformidad con nuestras obligaciones en virtud del derecho internacional. Reconocemos que la tecnología de la información y la comunicación (TIC) para facilitar el flujo de información entre los gobiernos y el público. En este sentido, es esencial para trabajar hacia la mejora del acceso a las TIC, especialmente de banda ancha de redes y servicios, y reducir la brecha digital, el reconocimiento de la contribución de la cooperación internacional en este sentido.

43. Subrayamos que las mujeres tienen un papel vital que desempeñar en el logro del desarrollo sostenible. Reconocemos el papel de liderazgo de las mujeres y estamos decididos a promover la igualdad de género y empoderamiento de la mujer y asegurar su participación plena y efectiva en las políticas de desarrollo sostenible, los programas y toma de decisiones en todos los niveles. [Convenido ad referéndum]

44. Reconocemos que la implementación del desarrollo sostenible dependerá de la participación activa de los sectores público y privado. Reconocemos que la participación activa del sector privado puede contribuir al logro del desarrollo sostenible, incluso mediante la herramienta importante de asociaciones público-privadas. Apoyamos a los marcos regulatorios nacionales y las políticas que permiten a los negocios y la industria para promover iniciativas de desarrollo sostenible, teniendo en cuenta la importancia de la responsabilidad social corporativa. Alentamos las prácticas empresariales responsables como los que promueve el Pacto Mundial de Naciones Unidas.

45. Reconocemos la importancia de los informes de sostenibilidad empresarial y animar a las empresas, en su caso, sobre todo que cotizan en bolsa y las grandes empresas, para considerar la integración de la información de sostenibilidad en su ciclo de presentación de informes. Reconocemos la necesidad de que las mejores prácticas mundiales en los informes de sostenibilidad, y en este sentido, alentamos a la industria, los gobiernos interesados, así como los interesados ​​directos pertinentes, con el apoyo del sistema de las Naciones Unidas, para desarrollar modelos de mejores prácticas y facilitar la acción para la integración de informes de sostenibilidad, basándose en las experiencias de los que ya existen marcos de información nacionales e internacionales.


46. Reconocemos la importante contribución de la comunidad científica y tecnológica para el desarrollo sostenible. Estamos comprometidos a trabajar con y fomentar la colaboración entre la comunidad académica, científica y tecnológica, en particular en los países en desarrollo, para cerrar la brecha tecnológica entre países desarrollados y en desarrollo, fortalecer la interfaz ciencia-política, así como para fomentar la colaboración internacional de investigación sobre el desarrollo sostenible desarrollo.

47. Hacemos hincapié en la importancia de la participación de los pueblos indígenas en el logro del desarrollo sostenible. También reconocemos la importancia de la Declaración de las Naciones Unidas sobre los Derechos de los Pueblos Indígenas en el contexto de aplicación a nivel mundial, regional, nacional y subnacional de las estrategias de desarrollo sostenible. [Convenido ad referéndum]

48. Hacemos hincapié en la importancia de la participación activa de los jóvenes en la toma de decisiones en los temas que se abordan tienen un profundo impacto en las generaciones presentes y futuras, y como la contribución de los niños y jóvenes es vital para el logro del desarrollo sostenible. Reconocemos también la necesidad de promover el diálogo intergeneracional y la solidaridad mediante el reconocimiento de sus puntos de vista. [Convenido ad referéndum]

49. Hacemos hincapié en la importancia de la participación de los trabajadores y los sindicatos para la promoción del desarrollo sostenible. Como los representantes de los trabajadores, los sindicatos son socios importantes para facilitar el logro del desarrollo sostenible, en particular, la dimensión social. Información, educación y formación sobre la sostenibilidad en todos los niveles, incluso en el lugar de trabajo, son la clave para el fortalecimiento de los trabajadores y de capacidad de los sindicatos para apoyar el desarrollo sostenible. [Convenido ad referéndum]

50. Somos conscientes de que los agricultores, incluyendo a los pequeños agricultores y pescadores, pastores y silvicultores, puede hacer importantes contribuciones al desarrollo sostenible a través de las actividades de producción que sean ambientalmente sanos, mejorar la seguridad alimentaria y el sustento de los pobres, y fortalecer la producción y el crecimiento económico sostenido. [Convenido ad referéndum]

51. Tomamos nota de las valiosas contribuciones que las organizaciones no gubernamentales podrían hacer y hacen en la promoción del desarrollo sostenible a través de su experiencia bien establecida y diversa, experiencia y capacidad, especialmente en el área de análisis, el intercambio de información y el conocimiento, la promoción del diálogo y el apoyo de implementación del desarrollo sostenible.

52. Reconocemos el papel central de las Naciones Unidas, así como las importantes contribuciones de otras organizaciones internacionales pertinentes, en particular las instituciones financieras internacionales, incluidos los bancos multilaterales de desarrollo, y destacar la importancia de la cooperación entre ellos, dentro de sus respectivos mandatos, para avanzar en la programa de desarrollo sostenible, fomentar y facilitar la estrecha cooperación entre los Estados, así como entre los Estados y otras partes interesadas, y la movilización de recursos para el desarrollo sostenible.

53. Nos comprometemos a la revitalización de la alianza mundial para el desarrollo sostenible que puso en marcha en Río de Janeiro en 1992. Reconocemos la necesidad de dar un nuevo impulso a nuestra búsqueda de cooperación de desarrollo sostenible, y se comprometen a trabajar conjuntamente con los Grupos Principales y otras partes interesadas en el tratamiento de deficiencias en la aplicación. [Convenido ad referéndum]


III. Economía verde en el contexto del desarrollo sostenible y la erradicación de la pobreza

54. Afirmamos que existen diferentes enfoques, visiones, modelos y herramientas disponibles para cada país, de acuerdo con sus circunstancias y prioridades nacionales, para lograr el desarrollo sostenible en sus tres dimensiones, que es nuestro principal objetivo. En este sentido, consideramos que la economía verde en el contexto del desarrollo sostenible y la erradicación de la pobreza como una de las herramientas más importantes disponibles para lograr el desarrollo sostenible y que podría proporcionar opciones para la formulación de políticas, pero no debe ser un conjunto rígido de reglas. Hacemos hincapié en que debe contribuir a la erradicación de la pobreza, así como un crecimiento económico sostenido, la mejora de la inclusión social, mejorar el bienestar humano y la creación de oportunidades de empleo y trabajo decente para todos, manteniendo al mismo tiempo el buen funcionamiento de los ecosistemas de la Tierra. [Convenido ad referéndum]

55. Afirmamos que las políticas de economía verde en el contexto del desarrollo sostenible y la erradicación de la pobreza debe estar guiada por y de acuerdo con todos los principios de Río, la Agenda 21 y el Plan de Aplicación de Johannesburgo y de contribuir al logro de importantes objetivos de desarrollo convenidos internacionalmente, incluidos los ODM.

56. Afirmamos que las políticas de economía verde en el contexto del desarrollo sostenible y la erradicación de la pobreza debe:
(A) respetar la soberanía nacional de cada país sobre sus recursos naturales, teniendo en cuenta sus circunstancias nacionales, objetivos, responsabilidades, prioridades y el espacio político con respecto a las tres dimensiones del desarrollo sostenible;
(B) con el apoyo de un entorno propicio y las instituciones que funcionen bien en todos los niveles, con un papel de liderazgo para los gobiernos y con la participación de todas las partes interesadas, incluida la sociedad civil; [Convenido ad referéndum]
(C) promover el crecimiento económico sostenido e inclusivo, fomentar la innovación y ofrecer oportunidades, los beneficios y el empoderamiento de todos y el respeto de los derechos humanos; [Convenido ad referéndum]
(D) tener en cuenta las necesidades de los países en desarrollo, en particular aquellos en situaciones especiales;
(E) fortalecer la cooperación internacional, incluida la provisión de recursos financieros, creación de capacidades y transferencia de tecnología a los países en desarrollo;
(F) es eficaz de evitar imponer condiciones injustificadas a la AOD y la financiación;
(G) no constituye un medio de discriminación arbitraria o injustificable ni una restricción encubierta al comercio internacional, evitando acciones unilaterales para hacer frente a los problemas ambientales fuera de la jurisdicción del país importador, y las medidas ambientales que tratan de base transfronteriza o de los problemas ambientales globales, como medida de lo posible, en un consenso internacional;

(PORTUGUES ó PORTUGUÉS, hasta 56)

Nossa visão comum

1. Nós, os Chefes de Estado e de Governo e altos representantes se reuniram no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 20-22 junho de 2012, com a plena participação da sociedade civil, nós renovamos o nosso compromisso com o desenvolvimento sustentável e para garantir a promoção do futuro econômico, social e ambiental para o nosso planeta e sustentável para o presente eo futuro. [Aprovada ad referendum]

2. Erradicar a pobreza é o maior desafio que o mundo enfrenta hoje, e um requisito indispensável para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Neste sentido, estamos comprometidos com a humanidade da pobreza extrema e da fome como uma questão de urgência.

3. Reconhecemos a necessidade de continuar a integrar o desenvolvimento sustentável em todos os níveis que integram económica, social e ambiental eo reconhecimento de suas relações, a fim de alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável em todas as suas dimensões.

4. Reconhecemos que a erradicação da pobreza, com a mudança sustentável e promoção do consumo sustentável e os padrões de produção e de protecção e gestão da base de recursos naturais do desenvolvimento econômico e social são objectivos fundamentais e requisitos essenciais para o desenvolvimento sustentável . Reafirmamos também a necessidade de se alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável: promover o crescimento económico sustentado, inclusiva e justa, criando maiores oportunidades para todos, reduzir as desigualdades, elevar os padrões de vida básicos, promover o desenvolvimento eqüitativo e inclusão gestão social, e promover integrada e sustentável dos recursos naturais e ecossistemas de recursos de apoio, entre outras coisas, o desenvolvimento econômico, desenvolvimento social e humano, ao mesmo tempo facilitando a conservação dos ecossistemas, recuperação e restauração e resistência à novos desafios emergentes.

5. Reafirmamos nosso compromisso de fazer todo o possível para acelerar a consecução das metas de desenvolvimento internacionalmente acordadas, incluindo os Objectivos de Desenvolvimento do Milénio (ODM) até 2015. [Aprovada ad referendum]

6. Reconhecemos que as pessoas estão no centro do desenvolvimento sustentável e, neste sentido, nós lutamos por um mundo que é justo, equitativo e inclusivo, e nós nos comprometemos a trabalhar juntos para promover o desenvolvimento sustentável e inclusivo crescimento econômico, desenvolvimento social, a protecção ambiental atmosfera e, assim, se beneficiar. [Aprovada ad referendum]

7. Reafirmamos que continuar a ser guiada pelos propósitos e princípios da Carta das Nações Unidas, e com pleno respeito pelo direito internacional e princípios. [Aprovada ad referendum]

8. Reafirmamos também a importância da liberdade, paz e segurança, respeito pelos direitos humanos, incluindo o direito ao desenvolvimento eo direito a um padrão de vida adequado, incluindo o direito à alimentação adequada, o Estado de Direito, igualdade de género e empoderamento das mulheres e um compromisso global para sociedades justas e democráticas para o desenvolvimento.

9. Reafirmamos a importância da Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos e outros instrumentos internacionais sobre direitos humanos e do direito internacional. Destacamos as responsabilidades de todos os Estados, em conformidade com a Carta das Nações Unidas, de respeitar, proteger e promover os direitos humanos e liberdades fundamentais para todos, sem distinção de qualquer tipo de raça, cor, sexo, língua ou religião, opinião política ou de outra natureza, origem nacional ou social, riqueza, nascimento, deficiência ou outro. [Aprovada ad referendum]

10. Reconhecemos que a democracia, boa governação eo Estado de direito a nível nacional e internacional, bem como um ambiente de apoio são essenciais para o desenvolvimento sustentável, incluindo o crescimento econômico sustentado e desenvolvimento social inclusivo, a proteção ambiental e erradicação da pobreza e da fome. Reafirmamos que, para alcançar nossos objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável. Precisamos de instituições em todos os níveis que são eficazes, transparente, responsável e democrática. [Aprovada ad referendum]

11. Reafirmamos nosso compromisso de fortalecer a cooperação internacional para enfrentar os desafios persistentes relacionadas ao desenvolvimento sustentável para todos, particularmente nos países em desenvolvimento. Neste sentido, reafirmamos a necessidade de alcançar a estabilidade econômica eo crescimento econômico sustentado, a promoção da eqüidade social e proteção ambiental, melhorando simultaneamente a igualdade de género e oportunidades de capacitação e igualdade das mulheres para tudo, e à protecção, sobrevivência e desenvolvimento das crianças para o seu pleno potencial, em particular através da educação. [Aprovada ad referendum]

12. Estamos determinados a tomar medidas urgentes para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável. Portanto, nós renovamos o nosso compromisso com o desenvolvimento sustentável, avaliação dos progressos até à data e lacunas na implementação dos resultados de grandes cimeiras sobre desenvolvimento sustentável e enfrentar desafios novos e emergentes. Nós expressamos nossa determinação em abordar os temas da Conferência, ou seja, uma economia verde no contexto do desenvolvimento sustentável ea erradicação da pobreza, eo quadro institucional para o desenvolvimento sustentável. [Aprovada ad referendum]

13. Percebemos que a oportunidade para que as pessoas influenciam as suas vidas e do futuro, participar na tomada de decisões e expressar as suas preocupações são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Enfatizamos que o desenvolvimento sustentável exige específica e urgente. Só será alcançado com uma ampla aliança de indivíduos, governos, sociedade civil e do setor privado, todos trabalhando juntos para garantir o futuro que queremos para o presente eo futuro. [Aprovada ad referendum]


II. Um compromisso político renovado

A. Reafirmando os princípios do Rio e planos de ação anteriores

14. Recordamos a Declaração de Estocolmo da Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre o Ambiente Humano aprovada em Estocolmo em 16 de junho de 1972. [Aprovada ad referendum]

15. Reafirmamos também que todos os princípios contidos na Declaração do Rio sobre Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, incluindo o princípio de responsabilidades comuns mas diferenciadas, e da equidade, como base para a cooperação, a coerência ea implementação dos compromissos de desenvolvimento sustentável, incluindo este resultado, e continuará a orientar a comunidade internacional para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável eo futuro que queremos.

16. Reafirmamos nosso compromisso de implementar plenamente a Declaração do Rio sobre Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, a Agenda 21, o Programa para a Implementação da Agenda 21, a Declaração de Joanesburgo sobre Desenvolvimento Sustentável eo Plano de Implementação da Cúpula Mundial sobre Desenvolvimento Sustentável, o Programa de Ação de Barbados e Estratégia das Maurícias para a Implementação. Também reafirmamos nosso compromisso com a plena implementação da Acção de Istambul para os PMA, o Programa de Acção de Almaty para Países em Desenvolvimento sem Litoral, a declaração política sobre as necessidades de desenvolvimento da África e da Nova Parceria para o o Desenvolvimento de África. Recordamos, também, os nossos compromissos sobre os resultados de todas as grandes conferências e cimeiras das Nações Unidas nos campos econômico, social e ambiental, incluindo a Declaração do Milénio e da Cimeira Mundial de 2005, o Consenso de Monterrey ea Declaração de Doha sobre o Financiamento para o Desenvolvimento, o resultado da Reunião Plenária de Alto Nível da Assembléia Geral da ONU sobre os ODM, o Programa de Ação da Conferência Internacional sobre População e Desenvolvimento, as principais ações para prosseguimento da execução Acção ea Declaração de Beijing e Plataforma de Acção.

17. Reconhecemos a importância das três convenções do Rio para promover o desenvolvimento sustentável e, nesse sentido, apelamos a todas as partes a aplicarem integralmente os seus compromissos sob a Convenção-Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima (UNFCCC), Convenção sobre Diversidade Biológica (CDB) e do Reino Unido Convenção de Combate à Desertificação (UNCCD), de acordo com seus respectivos princípios e disposições e para tomar medidas eficazes e concretas e ações em todos os níveis e reforçar a cooperação internacional.

18. Estamos determinados a revitalizar a vontade política para elevar o nível de compromisso da comunidade internacional para fazer avançar a agenda de desenvolvimento sustentável, através da realização dos objectivos de desenvolvimento acordados internacionalmente, incluindo os Objectivos de Desenvolvimento do Milênio. Reafirmamos nossos compromissos respectivos de outros relevantes objetivos acordados internacionalmente no. Económica, social e ambiental desde 1992 Portanto, estamos decididos a tomar medidas concretas para acelerar a implementação dos compromissos de desenvolvimento sustentável.

B. desenvolvimento, integração, implementação e consistência: A avaliação dos progressos até à data e lacunas na implementação dos resultados de grandes cimeiras sobre desenvolvimento sustentável e enfrentar desafios novos e emergentes

19. Estamos conscientes de que os vinte anos desde a Cúpula da Terra em 1992 ter visto progressos díspares, incluindo o desenvolvimento sustentável ea erradicação da pobreza. Enfatizamos a necessidade de progressos na implementação dos compromissos anteriores. Reconhecemos também a necessidade de acelerar o processo para fechar a lacuna de desenvolvimento entre países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, e aproveitar e criar oportunidades para o desenvolvimento sustentável através do crescimento económico e protecção do desenvolvimento, a diversificação social e meio ambiente . Para este fim, salientamos a necessidade contínua de um ambiente propício a nível nacional e internacional, e continuar a fortalecer a cooperação internacional, particularmente nas áreas de finanças, comércio, dívida e transferência de tecnologia, por acordo, a inovação eo empreendedorismo, capacitação, transparência e responsabilidade. Reconhecemos a diversidade de atores e partes interessadas envolvidas na busca do desenvolvimento sustentável. Neste contexto, afirmamos a necessidade de manutenção da voz e aumento da participação plena e efetiva de todos os países, particularmente países em desenvolvimento na tomada de decisão a nível global.

20. Reconhecemos que desde 1992 tem havido áreas de progresso insuficiente e retrocessos na integração das três dimensões do desenvolvimento sustentável, compostas por múltiplos financeira, alimentar, económica e crise energética que ameaça a capacidade de todos os países, especialmente dos países desenvolvimento para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável e, neste sentido, é essencial para atender todos os compromissos anteriores, sem regressão. Reconhecemos também que um dos desafios mais importantes atuais para todos os países, particularmente países em desenvolvimento, é o impacto das crises múltiplas que afectam o mundo de hoje, incluindo os impactos atuais da crise económica e financeira.


21. Estamos profundamente preocupados que um em cada cinco pessoas neste planeta, ou mais de um bilhão de pessoas ainda vivem na pobreza extrema, e que um em cada sete ou 14% sofrem de desnutrição, enquanto problemas de saúde pública, pandemias e epidemias, incluindo ameaças permanecem difusos. Neste contexto, nota-se as discussões em curso sobre a segurança humana na Assembleia Geral da ONU. Percebemos que com a população mundial projetada para exceder nove bilhões em 2050 e cerca de dois terços vivem nas cidades que devemos aumentar nossos esforços para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável, em especial a erradicação da pobreza e da fome.

22. Reconhecer exemplos de progresso no desenvolvimento sustentável a nível regional, nacional, subnacional e local. Notamos que os esforços para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável têm se refletido nos planos regional, nacional e sub-nacional, e que os governos têm fortalecido seu compromisso com o desenvolvimento sustentável desde a adoção da Agenda 21 através legislação e as instituições e para o desenvolvimento e implementação de compromissos internacionais, regionais e sub-regional. [Aprovada ad referendum]

23. Reafirmamos a importância de apoiar os países em desenvolvimento em seus esforços para erradicar a pobreza e promover o empoderamento de grupos pobres e vulneráveis, incluindo a remoção de barreiras às oportunidades e capacidade de aumento de produção, o desenvolvimento da agricultura sustentável, e promover o emprego pleno e produtivo e trabalho decente para todos, complementado por políticas sociais eficazes, incluindo piso de proteção social, com vista a alcançar as metas de desenvolvimento internacionalmente acordados, incluindo os ODM. [Aprovada ad referendum]

24. Expressa profunda preocupação com os persistência de elevados níveis de desemprego e subemprego, especialmente entre os jovens, e leva em conta a necessidade de estratégias de desenvolvimento sustentável para abordar proativamente o emprego dos jovens em todos os níveis. Neste sentido, reconhecemos a necessidade de uma estratégia global sobre a juventude ea criação de emprego no trabalho da Organização Internacional do Trabalho (OIT).

25. Reconhecemos que a mudança climática é uma crise e cruz persistente, e expressar a nossa preocupação de que a magnitude e gravidade dos impactos negativos da mudança climática afeta todos os países e minar a capacidade de todos os países, particularmente os países desenvolvimento para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável e os ODM e ameaçar a viabilidade ea sobrevivência de todas as nações. Portanto, para enfatizar que a luta contra as alterações climáticas exige ação urgente e ambiciosa, em conformidade com os princípios e disposições da UNFCCC.


26. Instamos a comunidade internacional a adotar medidas urgentes e eficazes para eliminar o uso de medidas coercitivas unilaterais econômicas contra os países em desenvolvimento que não sejam autorizados pelos competentes das Nações Unidas ou incompatível com os princípios do direito internacional, conforme estabelecido no Carta das Nações Unidas e que violam os princípios básicos do sistema multilateral de comércio.

27. Reiteramos o nosso compromisso assumido no Plano de Implementação de Joanesburgo, no final da Cimeira Mundial de 2005 e na Cimeira do Milénio em 2010, para tomar outras medidas e acções eficazes, de acordo com o direito internacional, para remover as barreiras a plena realização do direito à auto-determinação dos povos que vivem sob ocupação colonial e estrangeira, que continuam a afectar negativamente o seu desenvolvimento económico e social e seu meio ambiente e são incompatíveis com a dignidade eo valor do ser humano e deve ser combatido e eliminado.

28. Reafirmamos também que, em conformidade com a Declaração sobre os Princípios do Direito Internacional relativos às Relações de Amizade e Cooperação entre os Estados em conformidade com a Carta das Nações Unidas, isto não é interpretado como autorizando ou encorajando qualquer ação possa desmembrar ou prejudicar, total ou em parte, à integridade territorial ou unidade política de Estados soberanos e independentes conduzindo-se de acordo com o princípio da igualdade de direitos e autodeterminação dos povos e, portanto, possuidor de um governo que representa todo o povo que pertencem ao território, sem distinção de qualquer espécie.

29. Reconhecemos que muitas pessoas, especialmente dos pobres, dependem diretamente dos ecossistemas para o seu sustento, o seu património económico, social e físico e cultural. Por esta razão, é essencial para gerar trabalho decente e reduzir as disparidades de renda em padrões de vida para melhor atender as necessidades das pessoas e promover meios de vida sustentáveis ​​e práticas de uso sustentável dos recursos naturais e ecossistemas . [Aprovada ad referendum]

30. Enfatizamos que o desenvolvimento sustentável deve ser inclusiva e centrada nas pessoas, para o benefício e participação de todas as pessoas, incluindo jovens e crianças. Reconhecemos que a igualdade de género eo empoderamento das mulheres são importantes para o desenvolvimento sustentável eo nosso futuro comum. Reafirmamos nosso compromisso de garantir igualdade de direitos das mulheres, acesso e oportunidades de participação e liderança na sociedade, economia e políticas no contexto do Programa de Ação da Conferência Internacional sobre População e Desenvolvimento, as principais ações para a implementação do Programa de Acção (CIPD +5), a Declaração de Pequim ea Plataforma de Acção.

31. Reconhecemos que cada país enfrenta desafios específicos para o desenvolvimento sustentável e destaca os problemas específicos enfrentados pelos países mais vulneráveis ​​e em particular os países africanos, países menos desenvolvidos, os países sem litoral e dos pequenos Estados insulares e como os desafios específicos enfrentados por países de renda média. Países em situações de conflito também precisam de atenção especial. [Aprovada ad referendum]

32. Reafirmamos nosso compromisso de tomar medidas urgentes e concretas para abordar a vulnerabilidade dos pequenos Estados insulares em desenvolvimento (SIDS), nomeadamente através da implementação sustentada da Estratégia das Maurícias para a Implementação eo Programa de Ação de Barbados, e sublinham a necessidade urgente de encontrar soluções adicionais para os desafios que enfrentam os pequenos Estados insulares em conjunto para apoiá-los em manter a dinâmica na implementação do Programa Barbados de Ação e Estratégia das Maurícias para a implementação e realização do desenvolvimento sustentável . [Aprovada ad referendum]

33. Reafirmamos o Programa de Acção de Istambul para Países Menos Desenvolvidos para a Década 2011-2020 PMD define prioridades para o desenvolvimento sustentável e define um quadro para a implementação de parceria renovada e fortalecida global. Estamos comprometidos a ajudar países menos desenvolvidos para implementar a IPOA e seus esforços para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável. [Aprovada ad referendum]

34. Estamos conscientes de que mais atenção deve ser dada à África e ao cumprimento dos compromissos acordados anteriormente relacionadas ao seu desenvolvimento precisa ser feita em grandes conferências e cimeiras das Nações Unidas. Notamos que a ajuda a África tem aumentado nos últimos anos. No entanto, ele ainda está aquém dos compromissos assumidos anteriormente. Nós enfatizamos a prioridade da comunidade internacional para apoiar os esforços de desenvolvimento sustentável em África. Aqui, mais uma vez a cumprir integralmente os compromissos acordados internacionalmente relacionadas com as necessidades de desenvolvimento da África, particularmente aquelas contidas na Declaração do Milénio, a Declaração sobre a Nova Parceria para o Desenvolvimento de África, o Consenso de Monterrey, da Conferência Internacional sobre Financiamento para o Desenvolvimento, o Plano de Implementação da Cúpula Mundial sobre Desenvolvimento Sustentável (Joanesburgo Plano de Ação) e do Documento Final da Cimeira Mundial de 2005 ea Declaração de 2008 sobre as necessidades da política desenvolvimento de África.

35. Estamos cientes das limitações sérias para o desenvolvimento sustentável em todas as três dimensões em países em desenvolvimento sem litoral. Neste sentido, reafirmamos nosso compromisso de atender às necessidades especiais de desenvolvimento e os desafios enfrentados pelos países em desenvolvimento sem litoral através do Programa de Almaty plena, efectiva e atempada de Ação contido na Declaração sobre a revisão a médio prazo. [Aprovada ad referendum]

36. Reconhecemos os progressos realizados pelos países de renda na melhoria do bem-estar de seus povos e os desafios de desenvolvimento específicos que enfrentam em seus esforços para erradicar a pobreza, reduzir as desigualdades e alcançar suas metas de desenvolvimento, incluindo ODM, e para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável de uma forma abrangente que integra económica, social e ambiental. Reiteramos que estes esforços devem ser devidamente apoiadas pela comunidade internacional, através de várias formas, tendo em conta as necessidades ea capacidade de mobilizar recursos internos desses países.

37. Sabemos que o planeta Terra e seus ecossistemas são a nossa casa e que a Mãe Terra é uma expressão comum em vários países e regiões, e nota que alguns países reconhecer os direitos da natureza no contexto da promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável . Acreditamos que, para alcançar um justo equilíbrio entre o ambiente econômico, social e do presente e do futuro, é necessário promover a harmonia com a natureza.

38. Apelamos para uma abordagem holística e integrada do desenvolvimento sustentável, que vai guiar a humanidade a viver em harmonia com a natureza e levar a esforços para restabelecer a saúde e integridade do ecossistema da Terra. [Aprovada ad referendum]

39. Reconhecemos a diversidade natural e cultural do mundo e reconhecer que todas as culturas e civilizações pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento sustentável. [Aprovada ad referendum]

C. A participação de grandes grupos e outras partes interessadas [Aprovada ad referendum]

40. Reafirmamos o papel essencial de todos os níveis de governo e órgãos legislativos na promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável. Reconhecemos também os esforços e os progressos realizados a nível local, e reconhecer o papel importante que essas autoridades e as comunidades podem desempenhar na implementação do desenvolvimento sustentável, nomeadamente através da participação dos cidadãos e das partes interessadas, e fornecer informações relevante, conforme o caso, nas três dimensões do desenvolvimento sustentável. Reconhecemos também a importância da participação de todos os decisores relevantes no planejamento e implementação de políticas de desenvolvimento sustentável. [Aprovada ad referendum]

41. Ressaltamos que a ampla participação do público eo acesso à informação e nos processos judiciais e administração são essenciais para a promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável. O desenvolvimento sustentável requer um envolvimento significativo e uma participação activa dos parlamentos regionais, nacionais e subnacionais judicial e todos os grupos principais: mulheres, crianças e jovens, povos indígenas, ONG, autoridades locais, trabalhadores e sindicatos, o negócio e comunidade indústria, científico e tecnológico e os agricultores e outras partes interessadas, incluindo as comunidades locais, grupos de voluntários e fundações, os migrantes e suas famílias e os idosos e pessoas com deficiência. Estes intervenientes contribuem com seu pontos de vista, conhecimentos e competências. Neste sentido, comprometemo-nos a trabalhar mais estreitamente com os principais grupos e outros intervenientes e incentivar a sua participação ativa, se for o caso, nos processos que contribuem para a tomada de decisão, planejamento e implementação de políticas e programas para o desenvolvimento sustentável em todos os níveis.

42. Reconhecer o papel da sociedade civil e da importância de todos os membros da sociedade civil para participar activamente no desenvolvimento sustentável. Estamos conscientes de que um maior envolvimento da sociedade civil depende o reforço do acesso à informação capacitação, da sociedade civil e um ambiente propício, e respeitando o direito à liberdade de associação e de reunião, de acordo com as nossas obrigações sob o direito internacional. Reconhecemos que a tecnologia da informação e da comunicação (TIC) para facilitar o fluxo de informações entre governos e ao público. Neste sentido, é essencial trabalhar no sentido de melhorar o acesso às TIC, especialmente redes de banda larga e serviços, e reduzir o fosso digital, o reconhecimento da contribuição da cooperação internacional nesta matéria.

43. Ressaltamos que as mulheres têm um papel vital a desempenhar para atingir o desenvolvimento sustentável. Reconhecemos o papel de liderança das mulheres e estamos determinados a promover a igualdade entre os sexos ea autonomia das mulheres e garantir a sua plena e efetiva participação nas políticas de desenvolvimento sustentável, programas e tomada de decisões em todos os níveis. [Aprovada ad referendum]

44. Reconhecemos que a implementação do desenvolvimento sustentável depende da participação ativa dos setores público e privado. Reconhecemos que a participação ativa do setor privado pode contribuir para a realização do desenvolvimento sustentável, nomeadamente através da importante ferramenta de parcerias público-privadas. Apoiamos quadros regulamentares nacionais e políticas que permitem que empresas e da indústria para promover iniciativas de desenvolvimento sustentável, tendo em conta a importância da responsabilidade social corporativa. Nós encorajamos práticas empresariais responsáveis, como a promovida pelo Pacto Global das Nações Unidas.

45. Reconhecemos a importância dos relatórios de sustentabilidade das empresas e incentivar as empresas, se for caso disso, as empresas, especialmente indicados e as grandes empresas a considerar a integração de relatórios de sustentabilidade no seu ciclo de relatórios. Reconhecemos a necessidade de melhores práticas globais em relatórios de sustentabilidade, e neste sentido, incentivar a indústria, governos e partes interessadas relevantes, com o apoio do sistema das Nações Unidas para o desenvolvimento modelos de melhores práticas e facilitam a ação para a integração de relatórios de sustentabilidade com base nas experiências de quadros existentes de informação nacional e internacional.


46. Reconhecemos a importante contribuição da comunidade científica e tecnológica para o desenvolvimento sustentável. Estamos empenhados em trabalhar e promover a colaboração entre a ciência, academia e tecnologia, particularmente em países em desenvolvimento, para fechar o fosso tecnológico entre países desenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento, reforçar a interface entre ciência e política e para promover pesquisa colaborativa internacional sobre desenvolvimento sustentável.

47. Ressaltamos a importância da participação dos povos indígenas no desenvolvimento sustentável. Reconhecemos também a importância da Declaração das Nações Unidas sobre os Direitos dos Povos Indígenas no contexto da implementação a nível mundial, regional, nacional e sub-estratégias nacionais de desenvolvimento sustentável. [Aprovada ad referendum]

48. Ressaltamos a importância da participação ativa da juventude na tomada de decisões nos temas abordados têm um profundo impacto sobre as gerações presentes e futuras, ea contribuição de crianças e jovens é vital para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável sustentável. Reconhecemos também a necessidade de promover o diálogo e solidariedade entre gerações através do reconhecimento de seus pontos de vista. [Aprovada ad referendum]

49. Ressaltamos a importância da participação dos trabalhadores e sindicatos para promover o desenvolvimento sustentável. Como representantes dos trabalhadores, os sindicatos são parceiros importantes para facilitar a realização do desenvolvimento sustentável, particularmente a dimensão social. Educação, informação e formação sobre a sustentabilidade em todos os níveis, inclusive no local de trabalho, é fundamental para fortalecer a capacidade dos trabalhadores e sindicatos para apoiar o desenvolvimento sustentável. [Aprovada ad referendum]

50. Sabemos que os agricultores, incluindo os pequenos agricultores e pescadores, pastores e guardas florestais, podem trazer importantes contribuições para o desenvolvimento sustentável por meio de atividades que sejam ambientalmente corretos de produção, melhorar a segurança alimentar ea subsistência dos pobres, e fortalecimento da produção e do crescimento económico sustentado. [Aprovada ad referendum]

51. Notamos as valiosas contribuições que as ONGs podem e fazem na promoção do desenvolvimento sustentável por meio de sua bem estabelecida e diversificada experiência, competência e capacidade, especialmente na área de análise, a troca de informações e conhecimentos, promoção do diálogo e apoio à implementação do desenvolvimento sustentável.

52. Reconhecemos o papel central das Nações Unidas e as importantes contribuições de outras organizações internacionais relevantes, incluindo as instituições financeiras internacionais, incluindo bancos multilaterais de desenvolvimento, e enfatizar a importância da cooperação entre eles, dentro de seus respectivos mandatos, para fazer avançar a agenda de desenvolvimento sustentável, promover e facilitar a cooperação estreita entre Estados e entre Estados e outras partes interessadas, e mobilizar recursos para o desenvolvimento sustentável.

53. Estamos comprometidos com a revitalização da parceria global para o desenvolvimento sustentável lançada no Rio de Janeiro em 1992. Reconhecemos a necessidade de dar novo impulso à nossa busca de cooperação para o desenvolvimento sustentável, e se comprometem a trabalhar com grandes grupos e outras partes interessadas no tratamento de deficiências na aplicação. [Aprovada ad referendum]


III. A economia verde no contexto do desenvolvimento sustentável ea erradicação da pobreza

54. Afirmamos que existem diferentes abordagens, visões, modelos e ferramentas disponíveis para cada país de acordo com suas circunstâncias e prioridades, para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável nas suas três dimensões, o que é nosso principal objetivo. Neste sentido, acreditamos que a economia verde no contexto do desenvolvimento sustentável ea erradicação da pobreza como uma das mais importantes ferramentas disponíveis para alcançar o desenvolvimento sustentável e poderia oferecer opções para a política, mas não deve ser um conjunto rígido de regras. Ressaltamos que devem contribuir para a erradicação da pobreza e crescimento económico sustentado, o reforço da inclusão social, melhorando o bem estar humano ea criação de oportunidades de emprego e trabalho decente para todos, mantendo boa funcionamento dos ecossistemas da Terra. [Aprovada ad referendum]

55. Afirmamos que as políticas de economia verde no contexto do desenvolvimento sustentável ea erradicação da pobreza deve ser guiada pela e de acordo com todos os Princípios do Rio, a Agenda 21 eo Plano de Implementação de Joanesburgo e contribuir para a importante metas de desenvolvimento acordadas internacionalmente, incluindo os ODM.

56. Afirmamos que as políticas de economia verde no contexto do desenvolvimento sustentável ea erradicação da pobreza deve:
(A) respeitar a soberania nacional de cada país sobre seus recursos naturais, tendo em conta as suas circunstâncias nacionais, objetivos, responsabilidades, prioridades e espaço político em relação às três dimensões do desenvolvimento sustentável;
(B) com o apoio de um ambiente propício e instituições que funcionam bem em todos os níveis, com um papel de liderança para os governos e com a participação de todas as partes interessadas, incluindo a sociedade civil; [Aprovada ad referendum]
(C) promover o crescimento econômico sustentado e inclusivo, promover a inovação e oferecer oportunidades, benefícios e capacitação de todos eo respeito aos direitos humanos [ad referendum acordado]
(D) levar em conta as necessidades dos países em desenvolvimento, particularmente aquelas em situações especiais;
(E) para fortalecer a cooperação internacional, incluindo a provisão de recursos financeiros, capacitação e transferência de tecnologia para países em desenvolvimento;
(F) é eficaz para evitar a imposição de condições excessivas para a APD e de financiamento;
(G) não é um meio de discriminação arbitrária ou injustificável ou uma restrição disfarçada ao comércio internacional e evitar ações unilaterais para lidar com desafios ambientais fora da jurisdição do país importador, e as medidas ambientais que tentam cruzar a fronteira-base ou problemas ambientais globais, na medida do possível, um consenso internacional;

(INGLES, INGLÉS)

I. Our Common Vision
1. We, the heads of State and Government and high level representatives, having met at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, from 20-22 June 2012, with full participation of civil society, renew our commitment to sustainable development, and to ensure the promotion of economically, socially and environmentally sustainable future for our planet and for present and future generations. [Agreed ad ref]
2. Eradicating poverty is the greatest global challenge facing the world today and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development. In this regard we are committed to free humanity from extreme poverty and hunger as a matter of urgency.
3. We acknowledge the need to further mainstream sustainable development at all levels integrating economic, social and environmental aspects and recognizing their interlinkages, so as to achieve sustainable development in all its dimensions.
4. We recognize that poverty eradication together with changing unsustainable and promoting sustainable patterns of consumption and production and protecting and managing the natural resource base of economic and social development are the overarching objectives of and essential requirements for sustainable development. We also reaffirm the need to achieve sustainable development by: promoting sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth, creating greater opportunities for all, reducing inequalities, raising basic standards of living; fostering equitable social development and inclusion; and promoting integrated and sustainable management of natural resources and ecosystems that supports inter alia economic, social and human development while facilitating ecosystem conservation, regeneration and restoration and resilience in the face of new and emerging challenges.
5.         We reaffirm our commitment to making every effort to accelerate the achievement of the internationally agreed development goals, including the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by 2015. [Agreed ad ref]
6.         We recognize that people are at the center of sustainable development and in this regard, we strive for a world which is just, equitable and inclusive, and we commit to work together to promote sustained and inclusive economic growth, social development, environmental protection and thereby to benefit all. [Agreed ad ref]
7.         We reaffirm that we continue to be guided by the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, and with full respect for international law and its principles. [Agreed ad ref]
8.         We also reaffirm the importance of freedom, peace and security, respect for all human rights, including the right to development and the right to an adequate standard of living, including the right to adequate food, the rule of law, gender equality and women’s empowerment and the overall commitment to just and democratic societies for development.
9.         We reaffirm the importance of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, as well as other international instruments relating to human rights and international law. We emphasize the responsibilities of all states, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations, to respect, protect and promote human rights and fundamental freedoms for all, without distinction of any kind to race, colour, sex, language or religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth, disability or other status. [Agreed ad ref]
10.       We acknowledge that democracy, good governance and the rule of law, at the national and international levels, as well as an enabling environment are essential for sustainable development, including sustained and inclusive economic growth, social development, environmental protection and the eradication of poverty and hunger. We reaffirm that to achieve our goals of sustainable development. We need institutions at all levels that are effective, transparent, accountable and democratic. [Agreed ad ref]
11.       We reaffirm our commitment to strengthening international cooperation to address the persistent challenges related to sustainable development for all, in particular in developing countries. In this regard, we reaffirm the need to achieve economic stability and sustained economic growth, promotion of social equity, and protection of the environment, while enhancing gender equality and women’s empowerment, and equal opportunities for all, and the protection, survival and development of children to their full potential, including through education. [Agreed ad ref]
12.       We resolve to take urgent action to achieve sustainable development. We therefore renew our commitment to sustainable development, assessing the progress to date and the remaining gaps in the implementation of the outcomes of the major summits on sustainable development and addressing new and emerging challenges. We express our determination to address the themes of the Conference, namely a green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, and the institutional framework for sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
13.       We recognize that people’s opportunities to influence their lives and future, participate in decision making and voice their concerns are fundamental for sustainable development. We underscore that sustainable development requires concrete and urgent action. It can only be achieved with a broad alliance of people, governments, civil society and private sector, all working together to secure the future we want for present and future generations. [Agreed ad ref]
II. Renewing Political Commitment
A. Reaffirming Rio principles and past action plans
14.       We recall the Stockholm Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment adopted at Stockholm on 16 June 1972. [Agreed ad ref]
15.       We also reaffirm that all the principles contained in the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, including the principle of common but differentiated responsibilities, and equity, serve as the basis for cooperation, coherence and implementation of sustainable development commitments, including this outcome, and will continue to guide the international community in the achievement of sustainable development and the future we want.
16.       We reaffirm our commitment to fully implement the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, Agenda 21, the Programme for the Further Implementation of Agenda 21, the Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development and the Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development, the Barbados Programme of Action and the Mauritius Strategy for Implementation. We also reaffirm our commitment to the full implementation of the Istanbul Programme of Action for Least Developed Countries, the Almaty Programme of Action for Landlocked Developing Countries, the Political declaration on Africa’s development needs, and the New Partnership for Africa’s Development. We recall as well our commitments in the outcomes of all the major United Nations conferences and summits in the economic, social and environmental fields, including the UN Millennium Declaration and the 2005 World Summit outcome, the Monterrey Consensus and the Doha Declaration on Financing for Development, the outcome document of the High-Level Plenary Meeting of the UN General Assembly on the MDGs, the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development, the Key Actions for Further Implementation of the Programme of Action, and the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action.
17.       We recognize the importance of the three Rio Conventions to advancing sustainable development and in this regard we urge all Parties to fully implement their commitments under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), in accordance with their respective principles and provisions, as well as to take effective and concrete actions and measures at all levels, and to enhance international cooperation.
18.       We are determined to reinvigorate political will and to raise the level of commitment by the international community to move the sustainable development agenda forward, through the achievement of the internationally agreed development goals including the Millennium Development Goals. We further reaffirm our respective commitments to other relevant internationally agreed goals in the economic, social and environmental fields since 1992. We therefore resolve to take concrete measures that accelerate implementation of sustainable development commitments.
B. Advancing Integration, Implementation, and Coherence: Assessing the progress to date and the remaining gaps in the implementation of the outcomes of the major summits on sustainable development and addressing new and emerging challenges
19.       We recognize that the twenty years since the Earth Summit in 1992 have seen uneven progress, including in sustainable development and poverty eradication. We emphasize the need to make progress in implementing previous commitments. We also recognize the need to accelerate progress in closing development gaps between developed and developing countries, and to seize and create opportunities to achieve sustainable development through economic growth and diversification, social development and environment protection.  To this end, we underscore the continued need for an enabling environment at the national and international levels, as well as continued and strengthened international cooperation, particularly in the areas of finance, debt, trade, and technology transfer, as mutually agreed, and innovation and entrepreneurship, capacity building, transparency and accountability. We recognize the diversification of actors and stakeholders engaged in the pursuit of sustainable development. In this context we affirm the continued need for the increased voice and full and effective participation of all countries, in particular developing countries in global decision making.
20.       We acknowledge that since 1992 there have been areas of insufficient progress and setbacks in the integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development, aggravated by multiple financial, economic, food and energy crises, which have threatened the ability of all countries, in particular developing countries, to achieve sustainable development and in this regard it is critical that we honour all previous commitments, without regression. We also recognize that one of the current major challenges for all countries, particularly for developing countries, is the impact from the multiple crises affecting the world today, including the ongoing impacts of the economic and financial crisis.
21.       We are deeply concerned that one in five people on this planet, or over one billion people, still live in extreme poverty, and that one in seven or 14% is undernourished, while public health challenges including pandemics and epidemics remain omnipresent threats. In this context, we note the ongoing discussions on human security in the United Nations General Assembly. We acknowledge that with the world’s population projected to exceed nine billion by 2050 with an estimated two thirds living in cities we need to increase our efforts to achieve sustainable development and in particular, the eradication of poverty and hunger.
22.       We recognize examples of progress in sustainable development at regional, national, sub-national and local levels. We note that efforts to achieve sustainable development have been reflected in regional, national and sub-national policies and plans, and that governments have strengthened their commitment to sustainable development since the adoption of Agenda 21 through legislation and institutions, and the development and implementation of international, regional and sub-regional agreements and commitments. [Agreed ad ref]
23.       We reaffirm the importance of supporting developing countries in their efforts to eradicate poverty and promote empowerment of the poor and vulnerable groups including removing barriers to opportunity and enhancing productive capacity, developing sustainable agriculture, and promoting full and productive employment and decent work for all, complemented by effective social policies, including social protection floors, with a view to achieving the internationally agreed development goals, including the MDGs. [Agreed ad ref]
24.       We express deep concern about the continuing high levels of unemployment and underemployment, particularly among young people, and note the need for sustainable development strategies to proactively address youth employment at all levels. In this regard, we recognize the need for a global strategy on youth and employment building on the work of the International Labour Organization (ILO). 25. We acknowledge that climate change is a cross-cutting and persistent crisis and express our concern that the scale and gravity of the negative impacts of climate change affect all countries and undermine the ability of all countries, in particular, developing countries to achieve sustainable development and the MDGs and threaten the viability and survival of all nations. Therefore we underscore that combatting climate change requires urgent and ambitious action, in accordance with the principles and provisions of the UNFCCC.
26. We urge the international community to adopt urgent and effective measures to eliminate the use of unilateral coercive economic measures against developing countries that are not authorized by relevant organs of the United Nations or are inconsistent with the principles of international law as set forth in the Charter of the United Nations and that contravene the basic principles of the multilateral trading system.
27. We reiterate our commitment, expressed in the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, in the World Summit Outcome of 2005 and the MDGs Summit of 2010, to take further effective measures and actions, in conformity with international law,  to remove the obstacles to the full realization of the right of self determination of people living under colonial and foreign occupation, which continue to adversely affect their economic and social development as well as their environment and are incompatible with the dignity and worth of the human person and must be combated and eliminated.
28. We also reaffirm that in accordance with the Declaration on the Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation among States in accordance with the Charter of the UN, this shall not be construed as authorizing or encouraging any action which would dismember or impair, totally or in part, the territorial integrity or political unity of sovereign and independent States conducting themselves in compliance with the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples and thus possessed of a Government representing the whole people belonging to the territory without distinction of any kind.
29.       We recognize that many people, especially the poor, depend directly on ecosystems for their livelihoods, their economic, social and physical well-being, and their cultural heritage. For this reason, it is essential to generate decent jobs and incomes that decrease disparities in standards of living to better meet people’s needs and promote sustainable livelihoods and practices and the sustainable use of natural resources and ecosystems. [Agreed ad ref]
30.       We emphasize that sustainable development must be inclusive and people-centered, benefiting and involving all people, including youth and children. We recognize that gender equality and women’s empowerment are important for sustainable development and our common future. We reaffirm our commitments to ensure women’s equal rights, access and opportunities for participation and leadership in the economy, society and political decision making, in the context of the implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development, the Key Actions for Further Implementation of the Programme of Action (ICPD+5), the Beijing Declaration and the Beijing Platform for Action.
31.       We recognize that each country faces specific challenges to achieve sustainable development and we underscore the special challenges facing the most vulnerable countries and in particular African countries, least developed countries, landlocked developing countries, and small island developing States as well as the specific challenges facing the middle-income countries. Countries in situations of conflict also need special attention. [Agreed ad ref]
32.       We reaffirm our commitment to take urgent and concrete action to address the vulnerability of small island developing states (SIDS), including through the sustained implementation of the Mauritius Strategy for Implementation and Barbados Programme of Action, and underscore the urgency of finding additional solutions to the major challenges facing small island developing states in a concerted manner so as to support them in sustaining momentum realized in implementing the Barbados Programme of Action and Mauritius Strategy for Implementation and achieving sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
33.       We reaffirm that the Istanbul Programme of Action for the Least Developed Countries for the Decade 2011-2020 outlines LDCs’ priorities for sustainable development and defines a framework for renewed and strengthened global partnership to implement them. We commit to assist LDCs with the implementation of the IPOA as well as their efforts to achieve sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
34.       We recognize that more attention should be given to Africa and the implementation of previously agreed commitments related to its development needs that were made at major UN Summits and Conferences. We note that aid to Africa has increased in recent years. However, it still lags behind on commitments that were previously made. We underscore the key priority for the international community of supporting Africa’s sustainable development efforts. In this regard, we recommit to fully implement the internationally agreed commitments related to Africa’s development needs, particularly those contained in the United Nations Millennium Declaration, the Declaration on the New Partnership for Africa’s Development, the Monterrey Consensus of the International Conference on Financing for Development, the Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development (Johannesburg Plan of Implementation) and the 2005 World Summit Outcome as well as the 2008 Political Declaration on Africa’s development needs.
35.       We recognize the serious constraints to achieve sustainable development in all its three dimensions in landlocked developing countries. In this regard, we reaffirm our commitment to address special development needs and the challenges faced by landlocked developing countries through the full, timely and effective implementation of the Almaty Programme of Action as contained in the Declaration on the mid-term review.  [Agreed ad ref]
36.       We recognize the progress made by middle-income countries in improving the well-being of their people, as well as the specific development challenges they face in their efforts to eradicate poverty, reduce inequalities, and achieve their development goals, including the MDGs, and to achieve sustainable development in a comprehensive manner integrating the economic, social and environmental dimensions. We reiterate that these efforts should be adequately supported by the international community, through various forms, taking into account the needs and the capacity to mobilize domestic resources of these countries.
37. We recognize that the planet Earth and its ecosystems are our home and that Mother Earth is a common expression in a number of countries and regions and we note that some countries recognize the rights of nature in the context of the promotion of sustainable development. We are convinced that in order to achieve a just balance among the economic, social and environment needs of present and future generations, it is necessary to promote harmony with nature.
38.       We call for holistic and integrated approaches to sustainable development which will guide humanity to live in harmony with nature and lead to efforts to restore the health and integrity of the Earth's ecosystem. [Agreed ad ref]
39.       We acknowledge the natural and cultural diversity of the world and recognize that all cultures and civilizations can contribute to sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
C. Engaging major groups and other stakeholders [Agreed ad ref]
40.       We reaffirm the key role of all levels of government and legislative bodies in promoting sustainable development. We further acknowledge efforts and progress made at the local and sub-national levels, and recognize the important role that such authorities and communities can play in implementing sustainable development, including by engaging citizens and stakeholders, and providing them with relevant information, as appropriate, on the three dimensions of sustainable development. We further acknowledge the importance of involving all relevant decision makers into planning and implementation of sustainable development policies. [Agreed ad ref]
41.       We underscore that broad public participation and access to information and judicial and administrative proceedings are essential to the promotion of sustainable development. Sustainable development requires the meaningful involvement and active participation of regional, national and sub-national legislatures and judiciaries, and all Major Groups:  women, children and youth, indigenous peoples, non-governmental organizations, local authorities, workers and trade unions, business and industry, the scientific and technological community, and farmers, as well as other stakeholders, including local communities, volunteer groups and foundations, migrants, families as well as older persons and persons with disabilities. These stakeholders make contributions with their views, knowledge and know how. In this regard, we agree to work more closely with Major Groups and other stakeholders and encourage their active participation, as appropriate, in processes that contribute to decision making, planning and implementation of policies and programmes for sustainable development at all levels.
42.  We acknowledge the role of civil society and the importance of enabling all members of civil society to be actively engaged in sustainable development. We recognize that improved participation of civil society depends upon strengthening access to information, building civil society capacity as well as an enabling environment, and respecting the right to freedom of association and assembly, in accordance with our obligations under international law.  We recognize that information and communication technology (ICT) is facilitating the flow of information between governments and the public.  In this regard, it is essential to work toward improved access to ICT, especially broad-band network and services, and bridge the digital divide, recognizing the contribution of international cooperation in this regard.
43.       We underscore that women have a vital role to play in achieving sustainable development. We recognize the leadership role of women and we resolve to promote gender equality and women’s empowerment and to ensure their full and effective participation in sustainable development policies, programmes and decision-making at all levels. [Agreed ad ref]
44.       We acknowledge that the implementation of sustainable development will depend on active engagement of both the public and private sectors. We recognize that the active participation of the private sector can contribute to the achievement of sustainable development, including through the important tool of public-private partnerships. We support national regulatory and policy frameworks that enable business and industry to advance sustainable development initiatives taking into account the importance of corporate social responsibility. We encourage responsible business practices such as those promoted by the UN Global Compact.
45. We acknowledge the importance of corporate sustainability reporting and encourage companies, where appropriate, especially publicly listed and large companies, to consider integrating sustainability information into their reporting cycle. We recognize the need for global best practices on sustainability reporting, and in this regard, we encourage industry, interested governments, as well as relevant stakeholders, with the support of the UN system, to develop models for best practice and facilitate action for the integration of sustainability reporting, building upon the experiences of already existing national and international reporting frameworks.
46.       We recognize the important contribution of the scientific and technological community to sustainable development. We are committed to working with and fostering collaboration among academic, scientific and technological community, in particular in developing countries, to close the technological gap between developing and developed countries, strengthen the science-policy interface as well as to foster international research collaboration on sustainable development.
47.       We stress the importance of the participation of indigenous peoples in the achievement of sustainable development. We also recognize the importance of the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in the context of global, regional, national, and sub-national implementation of sustainable development strategies. [Agreed ad ref]
48.       We stress the importance of the active participation of young people in decision making processes as the issues we are addressing have a deep impact on present and future generations, and as the contribution of children and youth is vital to the achievement of sustainable development. We also recognize the need to promote intergenerational dialogue and solidarity by recognizing their views.[Agreed ad ref]
49.       We stress the importance of the participation of workers and trade unions to the promotion of sustainable development. As the representatives of working people, trade unions are important partners in facilitating the achievement of sustainable development in particular the social dimension. Information, education and training on sustainability at all levels, including in the workplace, are key to strengthening workers’ and trade unions’ capacity to support sustainable development.[Agreed ad ref]
50.       We recognize that farmers, including small-scale farmers and fishers, pastoralists and foresters, can make important contributions to sustainable development through production activities that are environmentally sound, enhance food security and the livelihood of the poor, and invigorate production and sustained economic growth. [Agreed ad ref]
51.       We note the valuable contributions that non-governmental organizations could and do make in promoting sustainable development through their well-established and diverse experience, expertise and capacity, especially in the area of analysis, sharing of information and knowledge, promotion of dialogue and support of implementation of sustainable development.
52.       We acknowledge the central role of the United Nations, as well as the important contributions of other relevant international organizations, in particular international financial institutions including the multilateral development banks, and stress the importance of cooperation among them, within their respective mandates, in advancing the sustainable development agenda, encouraging and facilitating close cooperation among states, as well as between states and other stakeholders, and mobilizing resources for sustainable development.
53.       We commit ourselves to re-invigorating the global partnership for sustainable development that we launched in Rio in 1992. We recognize the need to impart new momentum to our cooperative pursuit of sustainable development, and commit to work together with Major Groups and other stakeholders in addressing implementation gaps. [Agreed ad ref]
III. Green Economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication
54. We affirm that there are different approaches, visions, models and tools available to each country, in accordance with its national circumstances and priorities, to achieve sustainable development in its three dimensions which is our overarching goal. In this regard, we consider green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication as one of the important tools available for achieving sustainable development and that it could provide options for policy making but should not be a rigid set of rules. We emphasize that it should contribute to eradicating poverty as well as sustained economic growth, enhancing social inclusion, improving human welfare and creating opportunities for employment and decent work for all, while maintaining the healthy functioning of the Earth’s ecosystems.  [Agreed ad ref]
55. We affirm that policies for green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication should be guided by and in accordance with all the Rio principles, Agenda 21 and the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation and contribute towards achieving relevant internationally agreed development goals including the MDGs.
56. We affirm that green economy policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication should: (a)                respect each country’s national sovereignty over their natural resources taking into account its national circumstances, objectives, responsibilities, priorities and policy space with regard to the three dimensions of sustainable development; (b)               be supported by an enabling environment and well-functioning institutions at all levels with a leading  role for governments and with the participation of all relevant stakeholders, including civil society; [Agreed ad ref] (c)                promote sustained and inclusive economic growth, foster innovation and provide opportunities, benefits and empowerment for all and respect of all human rights; [Agreed ad ref] (d)               take into account the needs of developing countries, particularly those in special situations; (e)                strengthen international cooperation, including the provision of financial resources, capacity building and technology transfer to developing countries; (f)                effectively avoid unwarranted conditionalities on ODA and finance; (g)               not constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a disguised restriction on international trade, avoiding unilateral actions to deal with environmental challenges outside the jurisdiction of the importing country, and base environmental measures addressing trans-boundary or global environmental problems, as far as possible, on an international consensus; (h)               contribute to closing technology gaps between developed and developing countries and reduce the technological dependence of developing countries using all appropriate measures; (i)                 enhance the welfare of indigenous peoples and their communities, other local and traditional communities, and ethnic minorities, recognizing and supporting their identity, culture and interests and avoid endangering their cultural heritage, practices and traditional knowledge, preserving and respecting non-market approaches that contribute to the eradication of poverty; [Agreed ad ref] (j)                 enhance the welfare of women, children, youth, persons with disabilities, smallholder and subsistence farmers, fishers and those working in small and medium enterprises, and improve the livelihoods and empowerment of the poor and vulnerable groups in particular in developing countries; (k)               mobilize the full potential and ensure equal contribution of both women and men;  [Agreed ad ref] (l)                 promote productive activities in developing countries that contribute to the eradication of poverty; [Agreed ad ref] (m)             address the concern about inequalities and promote social inclusion, including social protection floors; (n)               promote sustainable consumption and production patterns; and (o)               continue efforts to strive for inclusive, equitable development approaches to overcome poverty and inequality.
57. We view the implementation of green economy policies by countries that seek to apply them for the transition towards sustainable development as a common undertaking, and we recognize that each country can choose an appropriate approach in accordance with national sustainable development plans, strategies and priorities. [Agreed ad ref]
58. We acknowledge that green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication should strive to enhance our ability to manage natural resources sustainably and with lower negative environmental impacts, increase resource efficiency and reduce waste.
59. We recognize that urgent action on unsustainable patterns of production and consumption where they occur remains fundamental in addressing environmental sustainability, and promoting conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystems, regeneration of natural resources, and the promotion of sustained, inclusive and equitable global growth.
60. We encourage each country to consider the implementation of green economy policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, in a manner that endeavours to drive sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth and job creation, particularly for women, youth and the poor. In this respect, we note the importance of ensuring that workers are equipped with the necessary skills, including through education and capacity building, and are provided with the necessary social and health protections. In this regard, we encourage all stakeholders, including business and industry to contribute, as appropriate. We invite governments to improve knowledge and statistical capacity on job trends, developments and constraints and integrate relevant data into national statistics, with the support of relevant UN agencies within their mandates. [Agreed ad ref]
61. We recognise the importance of the evaluation of the range of social, environmental and economic factors and encourage, where national circumstances and conditions allow, their integration into decision making. We acknowledge that it will be important to take into account the opportunities and challenges, as well as the costs and benefits of green economy policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, using the best available scientific data and analysis. We acknowledge that a mix of measures, including regulatory, voluntary and others applied at the national level and consistent with obligations under international agreements, could promote green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication. We reaffirm that social policies are vital to promoting sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
62. We acknowledge that involvement of all stakeholders and their partnerships, networking and experience sharing at all levels could help countries to learn from one another in identifying appropriate sustainable development policies, including green economy policies. We note the positive experiences in some countries, including in developing countries, in adopting green economy policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication through an inclusive approach and welcome the voluntary exchange of experiences as well as capacity building in the different areas of sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
63. We recognize the power of communications technologies, including connection technologies and innovative applications to promote knowledge exchange, technical cooperation and capacity building for sustainable development. These technologies and applications can build capacity and enable the sharing of experiences and knowledge in the different areas of sustainable development in an open and transparent manner.
64. We support the creation of a capacity development mechanism for achieving sustainable development, including inter alia green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication. The mechanism would provide advice and support, in accordance with national circumstances and priorities, and assist developing countries in accessing available funds and technologies. We support utilizing international platforms and partnerships that enable interested countries and major groups to share policy options and best practices and assist developing countries, upon request, in accessing available funds and technologies. In this regard, we acknowledge the ongoing efforts to create and launch platforms, and we encourage relevant institutions, the UN system and stakeholders to join in these efforts on a voluntary basis. We further acknowledge that the capacity development mechanism should take fully into account the priority needs of developing countries, be demand-driven and accountable, voluntary, established on mutually agreed terms, respect national differences and priorities, and include: a)      toolboxes of good practices in applying policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication at all levels; b)      models or good examples of inclusive green economy policies; c)      voluntary mechanisms to promote development of, and access to, shared databases under mutually agreed terms, that countries, civil society and the private sector can use to assess and evaluate progress; d)     methodologies for policy evaluation and relevant indicators for sustainable development, where appropriate; and e)      directories to facilitate access to technical assistance, training, finance, technology and capacity building for countries that request assistance. The capacity development scheme will be established within the UN. It will cooperate with multilateral and bilateral donors and the private sector.
65. We underscore the importance of governments taking a leadership role in developing policies and strategies through an inclusive and transparent process. We also take note of the efforts of those countries, including developing countries, that have already initiated processes to prepare national green economy strategies and policies in support of sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
66. We invite relevant stakeholders, including the UN Regional Commissions, UN organizations and bodies, other relevant intergovernmental and regional organizations, international financial institutions and major groups involved in sustainable development, according to their respective mandates, to support developing countries upon request to achieve sustainable development, including through inter alia green economy policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, in particular in least developed countries.
67. We also invite business and industry as appropriate and in accordance with national legislation to contribute to sustainable development and to develop sustainability strategies that integrate, inter alia, green economy policies.
68. We acknowledge the role of cooperatives and microenterprises in contributing to social inclusion and poverty reduction in particular in developing countries.
69. We encourage existing and new partnerships, including public-private partnerships, to mobilize public financing complemented by the private sector, taking into account the interests of local and indigenous communities when appropriate. In this regard, governments should support initiatives for sustainable development, including promoting the contribution of the private sector to support green economy policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication.
70. We recognize the critical role of technology as well as the importance of promoting innovation, in particular in developing countries. We invite governments, as appropriate, to create enabling frameworks that foster environmentally sound technology, research and development, and innovation, including in support of green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication.
71. We emphasize the importance of technology transfer to developing countries. We reaffirm the objective to promote, facilitate, and finance as appropriate, the access to and the transfer of environmentally sound technologies and corresponding know-how, in particular to developing countries, on favourable terms, including on concessional and preferential terms, as mutually agreed, taking into account the need to protect intellectual property rights as well as the special needs of developing countries.
72. We recognise that the efforts of developing countries that choose to implement green economy policies in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication should be supported through the provision of adequate means of implementation, including financial, technical and technological assistance, such as the transfer of environmentally-sound technology as mutually agreed, as well as capacity building.
73. We recognise the importance of quality and relevant information and data and of making the information available to policy makers for the achievement of green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication. In this regard, financial support should be provided developing countries to collect the data to assess their progress and enhance the effectiveness of their national policies and programs.

IV.      Institutional framework for sustainable development
A. Strengthening the three dimensions of sustainable development
74. We underscore the importance of a strengthened institutional framework for sustainable development which responds coherently and effectively to current and future challenges and efficiently bridges gaps in the implementation of the sustainable development agenda. The institutional framework for sustainable development should integrate the three dimensions of sustainable development in a balanced manner and enhance implementation by, inter alia, strengthening coherence, coordination, avoiding duplication of efforts and reviewing progress in implementing sustainable development. We also reaffirm that the framework should be inclusive, transparent and effective and that it should find common solutions related to global challenges to sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
75. We recognize that effective governance at local, sub-national, national, regional and global levels representing the voices and interests of all is critical for advancing sustainable development. The strengthening and reform of the institutional framework should not be an end in itself, but a means to achieve sustainable development. We recognize that an improved and more effective institutional framework for sustainable development at the international level should be consistent with Rio Principles, build on Agenda 21, and Johannesburg Plan of Implementation and its objectives on the institutional framework for sustainable development, and contribute to the implementation of our commitments in outcomes of UN conferences and summits in economic, social, environmental and related fields and take into account national priorities and the development strategies and priorities of developing countries. We therefore resolve to strengthen the institutional framework for sustainable development, which will, inter alia: (a)                Promote the balanced integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development.[Agreed ad ref] (b)               Be based on an action- and result-oriented approach giving due regard to all relevant cross-cutting issues with the aim to contribute to the implementation of sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref] (c)                Underscore the importance of interlinkages among key issues and challenges and the need for a systematic approach to them at all relevant levels.[Agreed ad ref] (d)               Enhance coherence, reduce fragmentation and overlap and increase effectiveness, efficiency and transparency, while reinforcing coordination and cooperation. [Agreed ad ref] (e)                Promote full and effective participation of all countries in decision-making processes. (f)                Engage high level political leaders, provide policy guidance, as well as identify specific actions to promote effective implementation of sustainable development, including through voluntary sharing of experiences and lessons learned.[Agreed ad ref] (g)               Promote the science-policy interface through inclusive, evidence-based and transparent scientific assessments, as well as access to reliable, relevant and timely data in areas related to the three dimensions of sustainable development, building on existing mechanisms, as appropriate; in this regard, strengthen participation of all countries in international sustainable development processes and capacity building especially for developing countries, including in conducting their own monitoring and assessments. (h)               Enhance the participation and effective engagement of civil society and other relevant stakeholders in the relevant international fora and in this regard promote transparency and broad public participation and partnerships to implement sustainable development. (i)                 Promote the review and stocktaking of progress in the implementation of all sustainable development commitments, including commitments related to means of implementation.
B. Strengthening intergovernmental arrangements for sustainable development
76. We acknowledge the vital importance of an inclusive, transparent, reformed and strengthened, and effective multilateral system in order to better address the urgent global challenges of sustainable development today, recognizing the universality and central role of the United Nations, and reaffirming our commitment to promote and strengthen the effectiveness and efficiency of the United Nations system. [Agreed ad ref]
77. We underscore the need to strengthen UN system-wide coherence and coordination, while ensuring appropriate accountability to Member States, by, inter alia, enhancing coherence in reporting and reinforcing cooperative efforts under existing inter-agency mechanisms and strategies to advance the integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development within the United Nations system, including through exchange of information among its agencies, funds and programmes, and also with the international financial institutions and other relevant organizations such as the World Trade Organization, within their respective mandates. [Agreed ad ref]
78. We emphasize the need for an improved and more effective institutional framework for sustainable development that should: be guided by the specific functions required and mandates involved; address the shortcomings of the current system; take into account all relevant implications; promote synergies and coherence; seek to avoid duplication and eliminate unnecessary overlaps within the UN system; and, reduce administrative burdens, and build on existing arrangements. [Agreed ad ref]
General Assembly
79. We reaffirm the role and authority of the General Assembly on global matters of concern to the international community, as set out in the Charter. [Agreed ad ref]
80. We further reaffirm the central position of the General Assembly as the chief deliberative, policy-making and representative organ of the United Nations. In this regard, we call for the General Assembly to further integrate sustainable development as a key element of the overarching framework for United Nations activities and adequately address sustainable development in its agenda setting, including through periodic high-level dialogues. [Agreed ad ref]
Economic and Social Council
81. We reaffirm that the Economic and Social Council is a principal body for policy review, policy dialogue and recommendations on issues of economic and social development and for the follow-up to the Millennium Development Goals and a central mechanism for the coordination of the United Nations system and supervision of the Council’s subsidiary bodies, in particular its functional commissions, and for promoting the implementation of Agenda 21 by strengthening system-wide coherence and coordination. We also reaffirm the major role the Council plays in the overall coordination of funds, programmes and specialized agencies, ensuring coherence among them and avoiding duplication of mandates and activities. [Agreed at ref]
82. We further reaffirm the need to continue strengthening ECOSOC within its Charter mandate, as a principal organ in the integrated and coordinated follow-up of the outcomes of all major UN Conferences and summits in the economic, social, environmental and related fields, and recognize its role in achieving a balanced integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development, within its mandate.
High level political forum
83. We decide to establish an intergovernmental high level political forum with universal membership, building on the Commission on Sustainable Development, with its strengths, experiences and resources. The high level political forum shall follow up on the implementation of the sustainable development commitments contained in Agenda 21, Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, Barbados Programme of Action, Mauritius Strategy for Implementation, the outcome of this Conference, and other relevant outcomes of major UN summits and conferences. The high level forum should avoid overlap with existing structures, bodies and entities in a cost-effective manner. 84. The high level political forum shall be universal and intergovernmental and enhance the integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development at all levels. The high level forum shall have a focused, dynamic and action-oriented agenda, ensuring the appropriate consideration of new and emerging sustainable development challenges. 85. The high level forum will: (a)    Provide political leadership, guidance, and recommendations for sustainable development. (b)   Enhance integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development in a holistic and cross-sectoral manner at all levels. (c)    Provide a dynamic platform for regular dialogue, and stocktaking and agenda setting to advance SD.  (d)   Have a focused, dynamic and action-oriented agenda, ensuring the appropriate consideration of new and emerging sustainable development challenges. (e)    Follow up and review progress in the implementation of sustainable development commitments contained in Agenda 21, Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, Barbados Programme of Action, Mauritius Strategy for Implementation and the outcome of this Conference and relevant outcomes of other UN summits and conferences as well as their respective means of implementation. (f)    Encourage high-level system-wide participation of UN Agencies, funds and programmes and invite to participate, as appropriate, other relevant multilateral financial and trade institutions, treaty bodies, within their respective mandates and in accordance with UN rules and provisions. (g)   Improve cooperation and coordination within the UN system on sustainable development programmes and policies. (h)   Promote transparency and implementation through further enhancing the consultative role and participation of Major Groups and other relevant stakeholders at the international level in order to better make use of their expertise, while retaining the intergovernmental nature of discussions. (i)     Promote the sharing of best practices and experiences relating to the implementation of sustainable development, and on a voluntary basis facilitate sharing of experiences, including successes, challenges, and lessons learnt. (j)     Promote system-wide coherence and coordination of sustainable development policies. (k)   Strengthen the science-policy-interface through review of documentation bringing together dispersed information and assessments, including in the form of a global sustainable development report, building on existing assessments. (l)      Enhance evidence-based decision-making at all levels and contribute to strengthen ongoing efforts of capacity building for data collection and analysis in developing countries.
86. We decide to launch a universal, intergovernmental and open-ended negotiation process under the General Assembly to define the high level forum’s form, level of participation, terms of reference, organizational aspects, and its relationship with the General Assembly and ECOSOC, with the aim of convening the first meeting of the high level forum during the 68th session of the General Assembly.
C. Environmental pillar in the context of sustainable development 87. We reaffirm the need to strengthen international environmental governance within the context of the institutional framework for sustainable development, in order to promote a balanced integration of the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development as well as coordination within the UN system. [Agreed ad ref] 88. We are committed to strengthening the role of the United Nations Environment Programme as the leading global environmental authority that sets the global environmental agenda, that promotes the coherent implementation of the environmental dimension of sustainable development within the United Nations system and that serves as an authoritative advocate for the global environment. We reaffirm resolution 2997 (XXVII) of 15 December 1972 which established UNEP and other relevant resolutions that reinforce its mandate, as well as the 1997 Nairobi and 2000 Malmö Ministerial Declarations. In this regard, we invite the United Nations General Assembly, in its 67th Session, to adopt a Resolution strengthening and upgrading UNEP in the following manner: a. Establish universal membership in the Governing Council of UNEP, as well as other measures to strengthen its governance as well its responsiveness and accountability to Member States; b. Have secure, stable, adequate and increased financial resources from the regular budget of the UN and voluntary contributions to fulfill its mandate; c. Enhance UNEP’s voice and ability to fulfill its coordination mandate within the UN system by strengthening UNEP engagement in key UN coordination bodies and empowering UNEP to lead efforts to formulate UN system-wide strategies on the environment; d. Facilitate, where feasible and appropriate, greater administrative efficiencies and increased policy coherence of and among multilateral environmental agreements, upon their request and respecting their legal autonomy and mandates, by supporting synergies, cooperation and coordination among them. e. Promote strong science-policy interface, in accordance with its mandate, building on existing international instruments, assessments, panels and information networks, including the Global Environmental Outlook; f. Disseminate environmental information and raise awareness on critical environmental issues; g. Provide capacity building to countries as well as support and facilitate access to technology; h. Progressively consolidate departments and functions in its headquarters in Nairobi, as well as strengthen its regional presence, in order to assist countries, upon request, in the implementation of their national environmental policies, collaborating closely with other relevant entities of the UN system. i. Ensure the active participation of all relevant stakeholders drawing on best practices and models from relevant multilateral institutions and exploring new mechanisms to promote transparency and the effective engagement of civil society.
89. We recognize the significant contributions to sustainable development made by the multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs).  We acknowledge the work already undertaken to enhance synergies among the three Conventions in the chemicals and waste cluster (the Basel, Rotterdam and Stockholm Conventions). We encourage parties to MEAs to consider further measures, in these and other clusters, as appropriate, to promote policy coherence at all relevant levels, improve efficiency, reduce unnecessary overlap and duplication, and enhance coordination and cooperation among MEAs, including the three Rio Conventions as well as with the UN system in the field.
90. We stress the need for the continuation of a regular review of the state of the Earth’s changing environment and its impact on human well-being and in this regard, we welcome such initiatives as the Global Environmental Outlook process aimed at bringing together environmental information and assessments and building national and regional capacity to support informed decision making.
D. International financial institutions and UN operational activities
91. We recognize that sustainable development should be given due consideration by the programmes, funds and specialized agencies of the UN system and other relevant entities such as international financial institutions, and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), in accordance with their respective existing mandates. In this regard, we invite them to further enhance mainstreaming of sustainable development in their respective mandates, programs, strategies and decision-making processes, in support of all countries in particular developing countries’ efforts in the achievement of sustainable development.
92. We reaffirm the importance of broadening and strengthening the participation of developing countries in international economic decision-making and norm-setting, and in this regard, take note of recent important decisions on reform of the governance structures, quotas and voting rights of the Bretton Woods institutions, better reflecting current realities and enhancing the voice and participation of developing countries, and reiterates the importance of the reform of the governance of those institutions in order to deliver more effective, credible, accountable and legitimate institutions.
93. We call for the further mainstreaming of the three dimensions of sustainable development throughout the UN System, and request the Secretary-General to report to the General Assembly through ECOSOC on the progress made in this regard. We also call for and recognize the importance of the strengthening of policy coordination within key UN Secretariat structures so as to ensure system-wide coherence in support of sustainable development, while ensuring accountability to Member States. [Agreed ad ref]
94. We invite the governing bodies of the funds, programmes and specialized agencies of the UN development system to consider appropriate measures for integrating the social, economic and environmental dimensions across the UN System’s operational activities. We also emphasize that increasing the financial contributions to  the United Nations development system is key to achieving the internationally agreed development goals, including the Millennium Development Goals, and in this regard we recognize the mutually reinforcing links among increased effectiveness, efficiency and coherence of the United Nations development system, achieving concrete results in assisting developing countries in eradicating poverty and achieving sustained  economic growth and sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
95. We emphasise the need to strengthen operational activities for development of the UN system in the field that are well aligned with national sustainable development priorities of developing countries. In this regard, we emphasize that the fundamental characteristics and principles of UN operational activities set forth in the relevant General Assembly resolutions provide the overarching framework for all matters pertaining to the UN development assistance operations in the field. We recognize the importance of strengthening UN system coordination. We look forward to receiving the outcome of the independent evaluation of the “Delivering as One” initiative.
96. We call on the UN system to improve the management of facilities and operations, by taking into account sustainable development practices, building on existing efforts and promoting cost effectiveness, and in accordance with legislative frameworks, including financial rules and regulations, while maintaining accountability to Member States.
E. Regional, national, sub-national, local [Agreed ad ref]
97. We acknowledge the importance of the regional dimension of sustainable development. Regional frameworks can complement and facilitate effective translation of sustainable development policies into concrete action at national level. [Agreed ad ref]
98. We encourage regional, national, sub-national and local authorities as appropriate to develop and utilize sustainable development strategies as key instruments for guiding decision-making and implementation of sustainable development at all levels, and in this regard we recognize that integrated social, economic, and environmental data and information, as well as effective analysis and assessment of implementation, is important to decision-making processes. [Agreed ad ref]
99. We encourage action at regional, national, sub-national, and local levels to promote access to information, public participation, and access to justice in environmental matters, as appropriate.
100. We emphasize that regional and sub-regional organizations, including the UN regional commissions and their sub-regional offices, have a significant role to play in promoting a balanced integration of the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development in their respective regions. We underscore the need to support these institutions, including through the UN system, in the effective operationalization and implementation of sustainable development, and to facilitate institutional coherence and harmonization of relevant development policies, plans and programmes. In this regard, we urge these institutions to prioritize sustainable development through, inter alia, more efficient and effective capacity building, development and implementation of regional agreements and arrangements as appropriate, and exchange of information, best practices, and lessons learnt. We also welcome regional and cross-regional initiatives for sustainable development. We furthermore recognize the need to ensure effective linkage among global, regional, sub-regional and national processes to advance sustainable development. We encourage the enhancement of the UN regional commissions and their sub-regional offices in their respective capacities to support member states in implementing sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
101. We underline the need for more coherent and integrated planning and decision-making at the national, sub-national and local levels as appropriate and, to this end, we call on countries to strengthen national, sub-national and/or local institutions or relevant multi-stakeholder  bodies and processes, as appropriate, dealing with sustainable development, including to coordinate on matters of sustainable development and to enable effective integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development.[Agreed ad ref]
102. We welcome regional and cross-regional initiatives for sustainable development, such as the Green Bridge Partnership which is voluntary and open for participation of all partners.
103. We underscore the need to ensure long-term political commitment to sustainable development taking into account national circumstances and priorities and, in this regard, we encourage all countries to undertake the necessary actions and measures to achieve sustainable development.
V.        Framework for action and follow-up
A. Thematic areas and cross-sectoral issues
104. We recognize that in order to achieve the objective of the Conference, namely to secure renewed political commitment for sustainable development, as well as to address the themes of a green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication and the institutional framework for sustainable development, we commit to address remaining gaps in the implementation of the outcomes of the major summits on sustainable development, to address new and emerging challenges and to seize new opportunities through the actions enumerated below in this framework for action supported as appropriate through provision of means of implementation. We recognize that goals, targets and indicators, including where appropriate gender-sensitive indicators, are valuable in measuring and accelerating progress. We further note that progress with implementation of the actions stipulated below can be enhanced by voluntarily sharing information, knowledge and experience.
Poverty eradication
105.  We recognize that, three years from the 2015 target date of the MDGs, while there has been progress in reducing poverty in some regions, this progress has been uneven and the number of people living in poverty in some countries continues to increase, with women and children constituting the majority of the most affected groups, especially in least developed countries and particularly in Africa. [Agreed ad ref]
106. We recognize that sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth in developing countries is a key requirement for eradicating poverty and hunger and achieving the MDGs. In this regard, we emphasize that national efforts of developing countries should be complemented by an enabling environment aimed at expanding development opportunities of developing countries. We also emphasize the need to accord the highest priority to poverty eradication within the United Nations development agenda, addressing the root causes and challenges of poverty through integrated, coordinated and coherent strategies at all levels.  [Agreed ad ref]
107. We recognize that promoting universal access to social services can make an important contribution to consolidating and achieving development gains. Social protection systems that address and reduce inequality and social exclusion are essential for eradicating poverty and advancing the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals. In this regard, we strongly encourage initiatives aimed at enhancing social protection for all people.
Food security and nutrition and sustainable agriculture
108. We reaffirm our commitments regarding the right of everyone to have access to safe, sufficient and nutritious food, consistent with the right to adequate food and the fundamental right of everyone to be free from hunger. We acknowledge that food security and nutrition has become a pressing global challenge and, in this regard, we further reaffirm our commitment to enhancing food security and access to adequate, safe and nutritious food for present and future generations in line with the Rome Principles adopted in 2009, including children under two, and through, as appropriate, national, regional and global food security and nutrition strategies.
109. We recognize that a significant portion of the world’s poor live in rural areas, and that rural communities play an important role in the economic development of many countries. We emphasize the need to revitalize the agricultural and rural development sectors, notably in developing countries, in an economically, socially and environmentally sustainable manner. We recognize the importance to take the necessary actions to better address the needs of rural communities through, inter alia, enhancing access by agricultural producers, in particular small producers, women, indigenous peoples and people living in vulnerable situations, to credit and other financial services, markets, secure land tenure, health care and social services, education and training, knowledge, and appropriate and affordable technologies, including for efficient irrigation, reuse of treated waste water, water harvesting and storage. We reiterate the importance of empowering rural women as critical agents for enhancing agricultural and rural development and food security and nutrition. We also recognize the importance of traditional sustainable agricultural practices, including traditional seed supply systems, including for many indigenous peoples and local communities.
110.  Noting the diversity of agricultural conditions and systems, we resolve to increase sustainable agricultural production and productivity globally, including through improving the functioning of markets and trading systems and strengthening international cooperation, particularly for developing countries, by increasing public and private investment in sustainable agriculture, land management and rural development. Key areas for investment and support include: sustainable agricultural practices; rural infrastructure, storage capacities and related technologies; research and development on sustainable agricultural technologies; developing strong agricultural cooperatives and value chains; and strengthening urban-rural linkages. We also recognize the need to significantly reduce post-harvest and other food losses and waste throughout the food supply chain.
111. We reaffirm the necessity to promote, enhance and support more sustainable agriculture, including crops, livestock, forestry, fisheries and aquaculture, that improves food security, eradicates hunger, and is economically viable, while conserving land, water, plant and animal genetic resources, biodiversity and ecosystems, and enhancing resilience to climate change and natural disasters. We also recognize the need to maintain natural ecological processes that support food production systems.
112. We stress the need to enhance sustainable livestock production systems, including through improving pasture land and irrigation schemes in line with national policies, legislation, rules and regulations, enhanced sustainable water management systems, and efforts to eradicate and prevent the spread of animal diseases, recognizing that the livelihoods of farmers including pastoralists and the health of livestock are intertwined. [Agreed ad ref]
113. We also stress the crucial role of healthy marine ecosystems, sustainable fisheries, and sustainable aquaculture for food security and nutrition, and in providing for the livelihoods of millions of people. [Agreed ad ref]
114. We resolve to take action to enhance agricultural research, extension services, training and education to improve agricultural productivity and sustainability through the voluntary sharing of knowledge and good practices. We further resolve to improve access to information, technical knowledge and know-how, including through new information and communication technologies that empower farmers, fishers and foresters to choose among diverse methods of achieving sustainable agricultural production. We call for the strengthening of international cooperation on agricultural research for development.
115. We reaffirm the important work and inclusive nature of the Committee on World Food Security (CFS), including through its role in facilitating country-initiated assessments on sustainable food production and food security, and we encourage countries to give due consideration to implementing the CFS Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security. We take note of the on-going discussions on responsible agricultural investment in the framework of the CFS, as well as the Principles for Responsible Agricultural Investment (PRAI).
116. We stress the need to address the root causes of excessive food price volatility, including its structural causes, at all levels, and the need to manage the risks linked to high and excessively volatile prices in agriculture commodities and their consequences for global food security and nutrition, as well as for smallholder farmers and poor urban dwellers. [Agreed ad ref] 117. We underline the importance of timely, accurate and transparent information in helping to address excessive food price volatility, and in this regard takes note of the Agricultural Market Information System hosted by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and urges the participating international organizations, private sector actors and Governments to ensure the public dissemination of timely and quality food market information products. 118. We reaffirm that a universal, rules-based, open, non-discriminatory and equitable multilateral trading system will promote agricultural and rural development in developing countries and contribute to world food security. We urge national, regional and international strategies to promote the participation of farmers, especially smallholder farmers, including women, in community, domestic, regional and international markets.
119. We recognize that water is at the core of sustainable development as it is closely linked to a number of key global challenges. We therefore reiterate the importance of integrating water in sustainable development and underline the critical importance of water and sanitation within the three dimensions of sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
120. We reaffirm the commitments made in the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation and Millennium Declaration regarding halving by 2015 the proportion of people without access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation and the development of integrated water resource management and water efficiency plans, ensuring sustainable water use. We commit to the progressive realization of access to safe and affordable water and basic sanitation for all, as necessary for poverty eradication and to protect human health, and stress the need to significantly improve the implementation of integrated water resource management at all levels as appropriate. In this regard, we reiterate these commitments in particular for developing countries through the mobilization of resources from all sources, capacity building and technology transfer.
121. We recognize our commitments regarding the human right to safe drinking water and sanitation as inextricably related to the right to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health as well as the right to human life and dignity, affirming the need to focus on local and national perspectives in considering the issue and leaving aside questions of all transboundary water issues. We also highlight our commitment to the 2005-2015 International Decade for Action “Water for Life.”
122. We recognize the key role that ecosystems play in maintaining water quantity and quality and support actions within the respective national boundaries to protect and sustainably manage these ecosystems.
123.  We underline the need, according to national priorities, policies and circumstances, to adopt measures to address floods, droughts, and water scarcity, addressing the balance between water supply and demand including where appropriate non-conventional water resources, and to mobilise financial resources and investment in infrastructure for water and sanitation services, according to national legislation.
124.   We stress the need to adopt measures to significantly reduce water pollution and increase water quality, significantly improve wastewater treatment, and significantly improve water efficiency and reduce water losses. In order to achieve this end we stress the need for international assistance and cooperation.
Energy
125.  We recognize the critical role that energy plays in the development process, as access to sustainable modern energy services contributes to poverty eradication, saves lives, improves health and helps provide basic human needs. We stress that these services are essential to social inclusion and gender equality, and that energy is also a key input to production. We commit to facilitate support for access to these services by 1.4 billion people worldwide who are currently without these services. We recognize that access to these services is critical for achieving sustainable development.  126. We emphasize the need to address the challenge of access to sustainable modern energy services for all, in particular for the poor who are unable to afford these services even when they are available. We emphasize the need to take further action to improve this situation, including by mobilizing adequate financial resources, to provide these services in a reliable, affordable, economically viable, and socially and environmentally acceptable manner in developing countries. 127.  We reaffirm support for the implementation of national and sub-national policies and strategies, based on individual national circumstances and development aspirations, using an appropriate energy mix to meet developmental needs, including through increased use of renewable energy sources and other low-emission technologies, the more efficient use of energy, greater reliance on advanced energy technologies, including cleaner fossil fuel technologies, and the sustainable use of traditional energy resources. We commit to promoting sustainable modern energy services for all through national and sub-national efforts, inter alia, on electrification and dissemination of sustainable cooking and heating solutions, including through collaborative actions to share best practices and adopt policies, as appropriate. We urge governments to create enabling environments that facilitate public and private sector investment in relevant and needed cleaner energy technologies. 128.  We recognize that improving energy efficiency, increasing the share of renewable energy, cleaner and energy-efficient technologies are important for sustainable development, including in addressing climate change. We also recognize the need for energy efficiency measures in urban planning, buildings, and transportation, and in the production of goods and services and in the design of products. We also recognize the importance of promoting incentives in favour of, and removing disincentives to, energy efficiency and the diversification of the energy mix, including promoting research and development in all countries, including developing countries. 129.  We note the launching of the initiative by the Secretary General on “Sustainable Energy for All”, which focus on access to energy, energy efficiency and renewable energies. We are all determined to act to make sustainable energy for all a reality, and through this, help eradicate poverty and lead to sustainable development and global prosperity. We recognize that countries’ activities in broader energy-related issues are of great importance and are prioritized according to their specific challenges, capacities and circumstances, including energy mix. 130. We recognize the need for further action to rationalize and phase out harmful and inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption and undermine sustainable development, taking fully into account the specific conditions and different levels of development of individual countries, and in a manner that protects the poor and the affected communities. (Note: placement of paragraph still to be determined)
Sustainable tourism
131. We emphasize that well designed and managed tourism can make a significant contribution to the three dimensions of sustainable development, has close linkages to other sectors, and can create decent jobs and generate trade opportunities. We recognize the need to support sustainable tourism activities and relevant capacity building that promote environmental awareness, conserve and protect the environment, respect wildlife, flora, biodiversity and ecosystems and cultural diversity, and improve the welfare and livelihoods of local communities by supporting their local economies and the human and natural environment as a whole. We call for enhanced support for sustainable tourism activities and relevant capacity building in developing countries in order to contribute to the achievement of sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
132.     We encourage the promotion of investment in sustainable tourism, including eco-tourism and cultural tourism, which may include creating small- and medium-sized enterprises and facilitating access to finance, including through microcredit initiatives for the poor, indigenous peoples and local communities in areas with high eco-tourism potential. In this regard, we underline the importance of establishing, where necessary, appropriate guidelines and regulations in accordance with national priorities and legislation for promoting and supporting sustainable tourism. [Agreed ad ref]
Sustainable transport Sustainable transport
133.  We note that transportation and mobility are central to sustainable development. Sustainable transportation can enhance economic growth as well as improving accessibility. Sustainable transport achieves better integration of the economy while respecting the environment. We recognize the importance of the efficient movement of people and goods, and access to environmentally sound, safe and affordable transportation as a means to improve social equity, health, resilience of cities, urban-rural linkages and productivity of rural areas. In this regard, we take into account road safety as a part of our efforts to achieve sustainable development. [agreed ad ref]
134.  We support the development of sustainable transport systems, including energy efficient multi-modal transport systems, notably public mass transportation systems, clean fuels and vehicles, as well as improved transportation systems in rural areas. We recognize the need to promote an integrated approach to policy-making at the national, regional and local levels for transport services and systems to promote sustainable development. We also recognize that the special development needs of landlocked and transit developing countries need to be taken into account while establishing sustainable transit transport systems. We acknowledge the need for international support to developing countries in this regard.
Sustainable cities and human settlements
135. We recognize that, if well planned and developed including through integrated planning and management approaches, cities can promote economically, socially and environmentally sustainable societies. In this regard, we recognize the need for a holistic approach to urban development and human settlements that provides for affordable housing and infrastructure and prioritizes slum upgrading and urban regeneration. We commit to work towards improving the quality of human settlements, including the living and working conditions of both urban and rural dwellers in the context of poverty eradication so that all people have access to basic services, housing and mobility. We also recognize the need for conservation as appropriate of the natural and cultural heritage of human settlements, the revitalization of historic districts, and the rehabilitation of city centers. [Agreed ad ref]
136. We commit to promote an integrated approach to planning and building sustainable cities and urban settlements, including through supporting local authorities, increasing public awareness and enhancing participation of urban residents, including the poor, in decision making. We also commit to promote sustainable development policies that support inclusive housing and social services; a safe and healthy living environment for all, particularly children, youth, women, elderly and disabled; affordable and sustainable transport and energy; promotion, protection and restoration of safe and green urban spaces; safe and clean drinking water and sanitation; healthy air quality; generation of decent jobs; and improved urban planning and slum upgrading. We further support sustainable management of waste through the application of the 3Rs (reduce, reuse and recycle). We underline the importance of considering disaster risk reduction, resilience and climate risks in urban planning. We recognize the efforts of cities to balance development with rural regions.
137.  We emphasize the importance of increasing the number of metropolitan regions, cities and towns that are implementing policies for sustainable urban planning and design in order to respond effectively to the expected growth of urban populations in coming decades. We note that sustainable urban planning benefits from the involvement of multiple stakeholders as well as from full use of information and sex-disaggregated data including on demographic trends, income distribution and informal settlements. We recognize the important role of municipal governments in setting a vision for sustainable cities, from the initiation of city planning through to revitalization of older cities and neighborhoods, including by adopting energy efficiency programmes in building management and developing sustainable locally-appropriate transport systems. We further recognize the importance of mixed-use planning and of encouraging non-motorized mobility, including by promoting pedestrian and cycling infrastructures. [Agreed ad ref]
138. We recognize that partnerships among cities and communities play an important role in promoting sustainable development. In this regard, we stress the need to strengthen existing cooperation mechanisms or platforms, partnership arrangements and other implementation tools to advance the coordinated implementation of the UN Habitat Agenda with active involvement of all relevant UN entities and with the overall aim of achieving sustainable urban development. We further recognize the continuing need for adequate and predictable financial contributions to the UN Habitat and Human Settlements Foundation so as to ensure timely, effective and concrete global implementation of the Habitat Agenda.
Health and population
139.   We recognize that health is a precondition for, an outcome of, and an indicator of all three dimensions of sustainable development. We understand the goals of sustainable development can only be achieved in the absence of a high prevalence of debilitating communicable and non-communicable diseases, and where populations can reach a state of physical, mental and social well-being. We are convinced that action on the social and environmental determinants of health, both for the poor and the vulnerable and the entire population, is important to create inclusive, equitable, economically productive and healthy societies. We call for the full realization of the right to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health.
140.  We also recognize the importance of universal health coverage to enhancing health, social cohesion and sustainable human and economic development. We pledge to strengthen health systems towards the provision of equitable universal coverage. We call for the involvement of all relevant actors for coordinated multi-sectoral action to address urgently the health needs of the world’s population. [Agreed ad ref]
141. We emphasize that HIV and AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, influenza, polio and other communicable diseases remain serious global concerns, and we commit to redoubling efforts to achieve universal access to HIV prevention, treatment, care and support, and to eliminate mother to child transmission of HIV as well as to renewing and strengthening the fight against malaria, tuberculosis, and neglected tropical diseases. [Agreed ad ref]
142.  We acknowledge that the global burden and threat of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) constitutes one of the major challenges for sustainable development in the twenty-first century. We commit to strengthen health systems toward the provision of equitable, universal coverage and promote affordable access to prevention, treatment, care and support related to NCDs, especially cancers, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes. We also commit to establish or strengthen multi-sectoral national policies for the prevention and control of non-communicable diseases. We recognize that reducing inter-alia air, water and chemical pollution leads to positive effects on health. [Agreed ad ref]
143. We reaffirm the right to use, to the full, the provisions contained in the agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights, the Doha Declaration on the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights and Public Health, the decision of the World Trade Organization General Council of 30th August 2003 on the implementation of paragraph 6 of the Doha Declaration on the TRIPS agreement and public health, and, when formal acceptance procedures are completed, the amendment to article 31 of the agreement, which provides flexibilities for the protection of public health, and, in particular, to promote access to medicines for all, and encourage the provision of assistance to developing countries in this regard.
144.  We call for further collaboration and cooperation at national and international levels to strengthen health systems through increased health financing, recruitment, development, training and retention of the health work force, improved distribution and access to safe, affordable, effective and quality medicines, vaccines and medical technologies, and through improving health infrastructure. We support the leadership role of the World Health Organization as the directing and coordinating authority on international health work. [Agreed ad ref]
145. We commit to systematically consider population trends and projections in our national, rural and urban development strategies and policies. Through forward-looking planning, we can seize the opportunities and address the challenges associated with demographic change including migration. [Agreed ad ref]
146. We call for the full and effective implementation of the Beijing Platform for Action, the international conference on population and development (ICPD) Programme of action and the outcomes of their review conferences including the commitments leading to sexual and reproductive health and the promotion and protection of all human rights in this context. We emphasize the need for the provision of universal access to reproductive health, including family planning and sexual health and the integration of reproductive health in national strategies and programmes.
147. We commit to reduce maternal and child mortality, and to improve the health of women, men, youth and children. We reaffirm our commitment to gender equality and to protect the rights of women, men and youth to have control over and decide freely and responsibly on matters related to their sexuality, including access to sexual and reproductive health, free from coercion, discrimination and violence. We will work actively to ensure that health systems provide the necessary information and health services addressing the sexual and reproductive health of women, including working towards universal access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable modern methods of family planning, as this is essential for women’s health and advancing gender equality
Promoting full and productive employment, decent work for all, and social protections
148.  We recognize that poverty eradication, full and productive employment and decent work for all, and social integration and  protection are interrelated and mutually reinforcing, and that enabling environments to promote these needs to be created at all levels. [Agreed ad ref]
149.  We are concerned about labour market conditions and widespread deficits of available decent work opportunities, especially for young women and men. We urge all governments to address the global challenge of youth employment by developing and implementing strategies and policies that provide young people everywhere access to decent and productive work as over the coming decades, decent jobs will need to be created to be able to ensure sustainable and inclusive development and reduce poverty.
150. We recognize the importance of job creation by investing in and developing sound, effective and efficient economic and social infrastructure and productive capacities for sustainable development and sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth. We call on countries to enhance infrastructure investment for sustainable development and we agree to support UN funds, programmes and agencies to help assist and promote developing countries’ efforts particularly the least developed countries, in this regard.
151. We recognize the importance of job creation by adopting forward-looking, macroeconomic policies that promote sustainable development and lead to sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth, increase productive employment opportunities and promote agricultural and industrial development.
152. We emphasize the need to enhance employment and income opportunities for all, especially for women and men living in poverty and, in this regard, we support national efforts to provide new job opportunities to the poor in both rural and urban areas, including support to small and medium enterprises. [Agreed ad ref]
153.  We recognize that workers should have access to education, skills, healthcare, social security, fundamental rights at work, social and legal protections, including occupational safety and health, and decent work opportunities. Governments, trade unions and workers, and employers all have a role to play in promoting decent work for all, and all should help youth gain access to needed skills and employment opportunities including in new and emerging sectors. Women and men should have equal access to opportunities to acquire job skills as well as to worker protections. We recognize the importance of a just transition including programmes to help workers adjust to changing labour market conditions.
154. We also recognize that informal unpaid work, performed mostly by women, contributes substantially to human wellbeing and sustainable development. In this regard, we commit to work towards safe and decent working conditions and access to social protection and education. [Agreed ad ref]
155.  We recognize that opportunities for the greening of existing jobs and job creation can be availed through, inter alia, public and private investments in scientific and technological innovation, public works in restoring, regenerating and conserving natural resources and ecosystems, and social and community services. We are encouraged by government initiatives to create jobs, for poor people in restoring and managing natural resources and ecosystems, and we encourage the private sector to contribute to decent work and green job creation for both women and men, and particularly for the youth, including through partnerships with small and medium enterprises as well as cooperatives. In this regard, we acknowledge the importance of efforts to promote the exchange of information and knowledge on green jobs and related skills and to facilitate the integration of relevant data into national economic and employment policies.
156.  We encourage the sharing of experiences and best practices on ways to address the high levels of unemployment and underemployment, in particular among youth. [Agreed ad ref]
157. We stress the need to provide social protection to all members of society, fostering growth, resilience, social justice and cohesion, including those who are not employed in the formal economy. In this regard, we strongly encourage national and local initiatives aimed at providing social protection floors for all citizens. We support global dialogue on best practices for social protection programmes that takes into account the three dimensions of sustainable development and, in this regard, we note the International Labour Organization Recommendation 202 concerning National Floors of Social Protection. [Agreed ad ref]
158.     We call upon states to promote and protect effectively the human rights and fundamental freedom of all migrants regardless of the migration status, especially those of women and children, and to address international migration through international, regional or bilateral cooperation and dialogue and for a comprehensive and balanced approach, recognizing the roles and responsibilities of countries of origin, transit and destination in promoting and protecting the human rights of all migrants, and avoiding approaches that might aggravate their vulnerability. Oceans
159. We recognize that oceans, seas and coastal areas form an integrated and essential component of the Earth’s ecosystem and are critical to sustaining it and that international law, as reflected in UNCLOS, provides the legal framework for the conservation and the sustainable use of the oceans and their resources. We stress the importance of the conservation and sustainable use of the oceans and seas and of their resources for sustainable development, including through the contributions to poverty eradication, sustained economic growth, food security, creation of sustainable livelihoods and decent work, while at the same time protecting biodiversity and the marine environment and addressing the impacts of climate change. We therefore commit to protect, and restore, the health, productivity and resilience of oceans and marine ecosystems, and to maintain their biodiversity, enabling their conservation and sustainable use for present and future generations, and to effectively apply an ecosystem approach and the precautionary approach in the management, in accordance with international law, of activities impacting on the marine environment, to deliver on all three dimensions of sustainable development.  160. We recognize the importance of UNCLOS to advancing sustainable development and its near universal adoption by States, and in this regard we urge all its Parties to fully implement their obligations under the Convention.
161. We recognize the importance of building the capacity of developing countries to be able to benefit from the conservation and  sustainable use of the oceans and seas and their resources and, in this regard, we emphasize the need for cooperation in marine scientific research to implement the provisions of United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and the outcomes of the major summits on sustainable development, as well as for the transfer of technology, taking into account the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) Guidelines for the transfer of marine technology.
162. We support the Regular Process for Global Reporting and Assessment of the State of the Marine Environment, including socio-economic aspects, established under the United Nations General Assembly, and look forward to the completion of its first global integrated assessment of the state of the marine environment by 2014 and its subsequent consideration by the General Assembly. We encourage consideration by States of assessment findings at appropriate levels. [Agreed ad ref]
163. We recognize the importance of the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity beyond areas of national jurisdiction. We note the ongoing work under the UN General Assembly of an Ad Hoc Open-ended Informal Working Group to study issues relating to the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity beyond areas of national jurisdiction. We agree to initiate, as soon as possible, the negotiation, in the framework of the UN General Assembly, of an implementing agreement to UNCLOS that would address the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction.
164. We note with concern that the health of oceans and marine biodiversity are negatively affected by marine pollution, including marine debris, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals, and nitrogen-based compounds, from a number of marine and land-based sources, including shipping and land runoff. We commit to take action to reduce the incidence and impacts of such pollution on marine ecosystems, including through the effective implementation of relevant conventions adopted in the framework of the International Maritime Organization (IMO), and the follow up of the relevant initiatives such as the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities, as well as the adoption of coordinated strategies to this end. We further commit to take action, based on collected scientific data, to achieve significant reductions in marine debris to prevent harm to the coastal and marine environment.
165. We note the significant threat alien invasive species pose to marine ecosystems and resources and commit to implement measures to prevent the introduction of, and manage the adverse environmental impacts of, alien invasive species including, as appropriate, those adopted in the framework of the IMO.  [Agreed ad ref]
166. We note that sea level rise and coastal erosion are serious threats for many coastal regions and islands particularly in developing countries and, in this regard, we call on the international community to enhance its efforts to address these challenges. [Agreed ad ref]
167. We call for support to initiatives that address ocean acidification and the impacts of climate change on marine and coastal ecosystems and resources. In this regard, we reiterate the need to work collectively to prevent further ocean acidification, as well as enhance the resilience of marine ecosystems and of the communities whose livelihoods depend on them, and to support marine scientific research, monitoring and observation of ocean acidification and particularly vulnerable ecosystems, including through enhanced international cooperation in this regard. [Agreed ad ref]
168. We stress our concern about the potential environmental impacts of ocean fertilization. In this regard, we recall the decisions related to ocean fertilization adopted by the relevant intergovernmental bodies, and resolve to continue addressing with utmost caution ocean fertilization, consistent with the precautionary approach.  [Agreed ad ref]
169. We commit to maintain or restore stocks to levels that can produce at least the maximum sustainable yield with the aim of achieving these goals for depleted stocks on an urgent basis by 2015. To achieve this we commit to urgently develop and implement science based management plans, including by reducing or suspending fishing catch and effort commensurate with the status of the stock. We further commit to enhance action to manage by catch, discards, and other adverse ecosystem impacts from fisheries including by eliminating destructive fishing practices. We also commit to enhance actions to protect vulnerable marine ecosystems from significant adverse impacts including through the effective use of impact assessments. Such actions, including those through competent organisations, should be undertaken consistent with international law, the applicable international instruments and relevant General Assembly resolutions and FAO Guidelines.
170. We urge State Parties to the 1995 Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of UNCLOS relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks to fully implement it, and give, in accordance with its Part VII, full recognition of the special requirements of developing States. Furthermore, we call upon all States to implement the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and the FAO International Plans of Action and technical guidelines.
171. We acknowledge that illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing deprive many countries of a crucial natural resource and remain a persistent threat to their sustainable development. We recommit to eliminate IUU fishing as advanced in the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, and to prevent and combat these practices including through the following: developing and implementing national and regional action plans in accordance with the FAO's international plan of action to combat illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing; implementing-in accordance with international law-effective and coordinated measures by coastal States, flag States, port States and chartering nations and the States of nationality of the beneficial owners and others who support or engage in IUU fishing by identifying vessels engaged in IUU fishing and by depriving offenders of the benefits accruing from IUU fishing; as well as cooperating with developing countries to systematically identify needs and build capacity, including support for monitoring, control, surveillance, compliance and enforcement systems.
172. We call upon States that have signed the FAO Agreement on Port State Measures to Prevent, Deter and Eliminate Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated Fishing to expedite procedures to its ratification with a view to its early entry into force.
173. We recognize the need for transparency and accountability in fisheries management by regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs). We recognize the efforts already made by those RFMOs that have undertaken independent performance reviews, and call on all RFMOs to regularly undertake such reviews and make the results publicly available. We encourage implementation of the recommendations of such reviews and recommend that the comprehensiveness of those reviews be strengthened over time, as necessary. [Agreed ad ref]
174. We reaffirm our Johannesburg Plan of Implementation commitment to eliminate subsidies that contribute to illegal, unreported, and unregulated fishing and overcapacity taking into account the importance of this sector to developing countries, and we reiterate our commitment to conclude multilateral disciplines on fisheries subsidies which give effect to  the WTO Doha Development Agenda and the Hong Kong Ministerial mandates to strengthen disciplines on subsidies in the fisheries sector, including through the prohibition of certain forms of fisheries subsidies that contribute to overcapacity and over-fishing, recognising that appropriate and effective special and differential treatment for developing and least developed countries should be an integral part of the WTO fisheries subsidies negotiation, taking account the importance of the sector to development priorities, poverty reduction, and livelihood and food security concerns. We encourage states to further improve the transparency and reporting of existing fisheries subsidies programmes through the WTO. Given the state of fisheries resources and without prejudicing the WTO Doha and Hong Kong Ministerial mandates on fisheries subsidies nor the need to conclude these negotiations, we encourage States to eliminate subsidies that contribute to overcapacity and over-fishing, and to refrain from introducing new such subsidies or from extending or enhancing existing such subsidies. [Agreed ad ref]
175. We urge the identification and mainstreaming of strategies by 2014 that further assist developing countries, in particular the least developed countries and small island developing States, in developing their national capacity to conserve, sustainably manage and realize the benefits of sustainable fisheries, including through improved market access for fish products from developing countries. [Agreed ad ref]
176. We commit to observe the need to ensure access to fisheries, and the importance of access to markets, by subsistence, small-scale and artisanal fishers and women fish workers, as well as indigenous peoples and their communities particularly in developing countries, especially small island developing States.  [Agreed ad ref]
177. We also recognize the significant economic, social and environmental contributions of coral reefs, in particular to islands and other coastal States, as well as the significant vulnerability of coral reefs and mangroves to impacts including from climate change, ocean acidification, overfishing, destructive fishing practices and pollution. We support international cooperation with a view to conserving coral reef and mangrove ecosystems and realizing their social, economic and environmental benefits as well as facilitating technical collaboration and voluntary information sharing. [Agreed ad ref] 178. We reaffirm the importance of area based conservation measures, including marine protected areas consistent with international law and based on best available scientific information as a tool for conservation for biological diversity and sustainable use of its components. We note decision X/2 of the 10th Meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, that by 2020, 10% of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem services, are to be conserved through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well-connected systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures.
SIDS
179.     We reaffirm that Small Island Developing States (SIDS) remain a special case for sustainable development in view of their unique and particular vulnerabilities, including their small size, remoteness, narrow resource and export base, and exposure to global environmental challenges and external economic shocks, including to a large range of impacts from climate change and potentially more frequent and intense natural disasters.  We note with concern that the outcome of the 5-year review of the Mauritius Strategy for Implementation (MSI+5) concluded that SIDS have made less progress than most other groupings, or even regressed, in economic terms, especially in terms of poverty reduction and debt sustainability. Sea-level rise and other adverse impacts of climate change continue to pose a significant risk to SIDS and their efforts to achieve sustainable development and for many represent the gravest of threats to their survival and viability, including for some through the loss of territory. We also remain concerned that, while SIDS have progressed in the areas of gender, health, education and the environment, their overall progress towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals has been uneven. [Agreed ad ref]
180. We call for continued and enhanced efforts to assist SIDS in implementing the Barbados Programme of Action and Mauritius Strategy for Implementation. We also call for a strengthening of the United Nations System support to SIDS in keeping with the multiple ongoing and emerging challenges faced by SIDS in achieving sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
181. Building on the Barbados Programme of Action and the Mauritius Strategy for Implementation, we call for the convening of the Third International Conference on SIDS in 2014, recognizing the importance of coordinated, balanced and integrated actions to address the sustainable development challenges facing SIDS and we invite the General Assembly at its 67th Session to determine the modalities of the Conference. [Agreed ad ref]
LDCs
182. We agree to effectively implement the IPOA and to fully integrate its priority areas into the framework for action, the broader implementation of which will contribute to the IPOA’s overarching goal of enabling half of LDCs to meet the criteria of graduation by 2020. [Agreed ad ref]
LLDCs
183. We invite Member States, including development partners, organizations of the United Nations system and other relevant international, regional and subregional organizations, to speed up further the implementation of the specific actions in the five priorities agreed upon in the Almaty Programme of Action and those contained in the Declaration on the midterm review, in a better-coordinated manner, in particular for the construction, maintenance and improvement of their transport, storage and other transit-related facilities, including alternative routes, completion of missing links and improved communications and energy infrastructure, so as to support these countries' sustainable development. [Agreed ad ref]
Africa
184. While we acknowledge that some progress has been made towards the fulfillment of international commitments related to Africa’s development needs, we emphasize that significant challenges remain in achieving sustainable development on the continent. [Agreed ad ref]
185. We call on the international community to enhance support and fulfill commitments to advance action in areas critical to Africa’s sustainable development and welcome the efforts by development partners to strengthen cooperation with the New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD). We also welcome the progress made by African countries in deepening democracy, human rights, good governance and sound economic management, and encourage African countries to continue their efforts in this regard. We invite all of Africa’s development partners, in particular developed countries, to support African countries in strengthening human capacities and democratic institutions, consistent with their priorities and objectives with a view to furthering Africa’s development at all levels, including through facilitating the transfer of technology needed by African countries as mutually agreed. We recognize the need for African countries to make continued efforts to create enabling environments for inclusive growth in support of sustainable development and for the international community to make continued efforts to increase the flow of new and additional resources for financing for development from all sources, public and private, domestic and foreign, to support these development efforts by African countries and welcome the various important initiatives established between African countries and their development partners in this regard.
Regional efforts
186. We encourage coordinated regional actions to promote sustainable development.  We recognize, in this regard, that important steps have been taken to promote sustainable development, in particular in the Arab region, Latin America and the Caribbean and the Asia Pacific region, through relevant fora including within United Nations regional commissions. While noting that challenges remain in several areas, the international community welcomes these efforts, and the results already achieved, and calls for actions at all levels for their further development and implementation.
Disaster risk reduction
187. We reaffirm our commitment to the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters and call for States, the UN system, International Financial Institutions, subregional, regional and international organizations, and civil society to accelerate implementation of the framework and the achievement of its goals. We call for disaster risk reduction and building of resilience to disasters to be addressed with a renewed sense of urgency in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, and to be integrated into policies, plans, programmes, and budgets as appropriate, at all levels and considered within relevant future frameworks, as appropriate. We invite governments at all levels as well as relevant subregional, regional and international organizations to commit to adequate, timely and predictable resources for disaster risk reduction in order to enhance resilience of cities and communities to disasters, according to their own circumstances and capacities.
188. We recognize the importance of early warning systems as part of effective disaster risk reduction at all levels in order to reduce economic and social damages including the loss of human life, and in this regard encourage States to integrate such systems into their national disaster risk reduction strategies and plans. We encourage donors and the international community to enhance international cooperation in support of disaster risk reduction in developing countries as appropriate through technical assistance, technology transfer as mutually agreed, capacity building and training programmes. We further recognize the importance of comprehensive hazard and risk assessments, and knowledge and information sharing, including reliable geospatial information. We commit to undertake and strengthen in a timely manner risk assessment and disaster risk reduction instruments.
189. We stress the importance of stronger inter-linkages among disaster risk reduction, recovery and long-term development planning, and call for more coordinated and comprehensive strategies that integrate disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation considerations into public and private investment, decision making and planning of humanitarian and development actions in order to reduce risk, increase resilience and provide a smoother transition between relief, recovery and development. In this regard, we recognize also the need to integrate a gender perspective into the design and implementation of all phases of disaster risk management. [Agreed ad ref]
190. We call for all relevant stakeholders, including Governments, international, regional and subregional organizations, the private sector and civil society, to take appropriate and effective measures, taking into account the three dimensions of sustainable development, including through strengthening coordination and cooperation to reduce risk exposures for the protection of people, infrastructure and other national assets from the impact of disasters in line with the Hyogo Framework for Action and any post-2015 framework for disaster risk reduction. [Agreed ad ref]
Climate change [Agreed ad ref]
191. We reiterate that countries should protect the climate system for the benefit of present and future generations of humankind consistent with the principles and provisions of the UNFCCC, including the principles of equity and common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities.  We reaffirm that climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time, and we express profound alarm that emissions of greenhouse gases continue to rise globally. We are deeply concerned that all countries, particularly developing countries, are vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change, and are already experiencing increased impacts including persistent drought and extreme weather events, sea level rise, coastal erosion and ocean acidification, further threatening food security and efforts to eradicate poverty and achieve sustainable development. In this regard we emphasize that adaptation to climate change represents an immediate and urgent global priority.
192. We underscore that the global nature of climate change calls for the widest possible cooperation by all countries and their participation in an effective and appropriate international response, with a view to accelerating the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions. We note with grave concern the significant gap between the aggregate effect of Parties’ mitigation pledges in terms of global annual emissions of greenhouse gases by 2020 and aggregate emission pathways consistent with having a likely chance of holding the increase in global average temperature below 2 °C or 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels. We recognize the importance of mobilizing funding from a variety of sources, public and private, bilateral and multilateral, including innovative sources of finance, to support nationally appropriate mitigation actions, adaptation measures, technology development and transfer and capacity-building in developing countries. In this regard, we welcome the launching of the Green Climate Fund and call for its prompt operationalization so as to have an early and adequate replenishment process.
193. We urge Parties to the UNFCCC and Parties to the Kyoto Protocol to fully implement their commitments, as well as decisions adopted under those agreements. In this regard, we will build upon the progress achieved including at the most recent COP-17/CMP 7 in Durban.
Forests [Agreed ad ref]
194.  We highlight the social, economic and environmental benefits of forests to people and the contributions of sustainable forest management to the themes and objective of the Conference. We support cross-sectoral and cross-institutional policies promoting sustainable forest management. We reaffirm that the wide range of products and services that forests provide creates opportunities to address many of the most pressing sustainable development challenges. We call for enhanced efforts to achieve the sustainable management of forests, reforestation and afforestation, and we support all efforts that effectively slow, halt and reverse deforestation and forest degradation, including inter alia promoting trade in legally-harvested forest products. We note the important ongoing initiatives to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+).  We call for increased efforts to strengthen, forest governance frameworks to achieve sustainable forest management. To this end, we commit to improving the livelihoods of people and communities by creating the conditions needed for them to sustainably manage forests including through strengthening cooperation in the areas of finance, trade, transfer of environmentally sound technologies, capacity-building and governance, as well as by promoting secure land tenure, particularly decision-making and benefit sharing, in accordance to national legislation and priorities.
195. We call for urgent implementation of the “Non-legally Binding Instrument on all Types of Forests (NLBI) and the Ministerial Declaration of the high-level segment of the ninth session of the United Nations Forum on Forests on the occasion of the launch of the International Year of Forests. [Agreed ad ref]
196.     We recognize that the United Nations Forum on Forests, with its universal membership and comprehensive mandate, plays a vital role in addressing forest-related issues in a holistic and integrated manner, and promoting international policy coordination and cooperation to achieve sustainable forest management. We invite the Collaborative Partnership on Forests to continue its support to the Forum and encourage stakeholders to remain actively engaged in the work of the Forum. [Agreed ad ref]
197.     We stress the importance of integrating sustainable forest management objectives and practices into the mainstream of economic policy and decision-making, and to that end we commit to working through the governing bodies of member organizations of the Collaborative Partnership on Forests to integrate, as appropriate, the sustainable management of all types of forests into their strategies and programmes. [Agreed ad ref]
Biodiversity
198. We reaffirm the intrinsic value of biological diversity, as well as the ecological, genetic, social, economic, scientific, educational, cultural, recreational and aesthetic values of biological diversity and its critical role in maintaining ecosystems which are critical foundations for sustainable development and human well-being. We recognize the severity of global biodiversity loss and degradation of ecosystems and emphasize that these undermine global development, affecting food security and nutrition, provision of and access to water, health of the rural poor and of people worldwide, including present and future generations. This highlights the importance of the conservation of biodiversity, enhancing habitat connectivity and building ecosystem resilience. We recognize that traditional knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous peoples and local communities make an important contribution to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, and their wider application can support social well-being and sustainable livelihoods. We further recognize that indigenous peoples and local communities are often most directly dependent on biodiversity and ecosystems and thus are often most immediately affected by their loss and degradation.
199. We reiterate our commitment to the achievement of the three objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity and call for urgent actions that effectively reduce the rate of, halt and reverse the loss of biodiversity. In this context, we affirm the importance of implementing the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, and achieving the Aichi Biodiversity Targets adopted at the Tenth Conference of the Parties to the Convention.
200. We note the adoption of the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from Their Utilization, and we invite parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity to ratify or accede to the Protocol, so as to ensure its entry into force at the earliest possible opportunity. We acknowledge the role of access and benefit-sharing arising from the utilization of genetic resources in contributing to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity, poverty eradication and environmental sustainability. [Agreed ad ref]
201. We stress the importance of developing the necessary legislative, administrative or policy measures, as appropriate, to implement the rights of countries of origin of genetic resources or countries providing genetic resources, as defined in the Convention on Biological Diversity, particularly developing countries, to participate in the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources and associated traditional knowledge as well as any subsequent application and commercial utilization of products derived from such resources through the fair and equitable sharing of benefits.
202. We welcome the Strategy for Resource Mobilization in support of the achievement of the Convention on Biological Diversity's three objectives, including the commitment to substantially increasing resources from all sources in support of biodiversity, in accordance with decisions taken at the Tenth Conference of the Parties. [Agreed ad ref]
203. We support mainstreaming the consideration of the socio-economic impacts and benefits of the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and its components, as well as ecosystems, into relevant programmes and policies at all levels, in accordance with national legislation, circumstances and priorities. We encourage investments, through appropriate incentives and policies, which support the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity and restoration of degraded ecosystems, consistent and in harmony with the Convention and other relevant international obligations.
204. We agree to promote international cooperation, and partnerships, as appropriate, and information exchange, and in this context we welcome the United Nations Decade on Biodiversity 2011-2020 for the purpose of encouraging active involvement of all stakeholders in the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, as well as access to and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources, with the vision of living in harmony with nature. [Agreed ad ref]
205. We recognize the important role of CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora), an international agreement that stands at the intersection between trade, environment and development; promotes the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity; should contribute to tangible benefits for local people; and ensures that no species entering into international trade is threatened with extinction. We recognize the economic, social and environmental impacts of illicit trafficking in wildlife where firm and strengthened action needs to be taken on both the supply and demand sides. In this regard, we emphasize the importance of effective international cooperation among relevant multilateral environmental agreements and international organizations. We further stress the importance of basing the listing of species on agreed criteria
206. We take note of the establishment of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, and invite an early commencement of its work, in order to provide the best available policy-relevant information on biodiversity to assist decision-makers. [Agreed ad ref]
Desertification, land degradation and drought [Agreed ad ref]
207. We recognize the economic and social significance of good land management, including soil, particularly its contribution to economic growth, biodiversity, sustainable agriculture and food security, eradicating poverty, women’s empowerment, addressing climate change and improving water availability. We stress that desertification, land degradation, and drought are challenges of a global dimension and continue to pose serious challenges to the sustainable development of all countries, in particular developing countries. We also stress the particular challenges this poses for Africa, and LDCs and LLDCs. In this regard, we express deep concern for the devastating consequences of cyclical drought and famine in Africa, in particular in the Horn of Africa and the Sahel region, and call for urgent action through short-, medium- and long-term measures at all levels. [Agreed ad ref]
208. We recognize the need for urgent action to reverse land degradation. In view of this we will strive for a land degradation neutral world in the context of sustainable development.  This should act to catalyze financial resources from a range of public and private sources.
209. We reaffirm our resolve under the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) to take coordinated action nationally, regionally and internationally, to monitor, globally, land degradation and restore degraded lands in arid, semi-arid and dry sub humid areas. We resolve to support and strengthen the implementation of the UNCCD and its 10-Year Strategic Plan and Framework (2008-2018), including through mobilizing adequate, predictable and timely financial resources.  We note the importance of mitigating the effects of desertification, land degradation and drought, including by preserving and developing oases, restoring degraded lands, improving soil quality and improving water management, in order to contribute to sustainable development and poverty eradication. In this regard, we encourage and recognize the importance of partnerships and initiatives for the safeguarding of land resources.  We also encourage capacity building, extension training programmes, and scientific studies and initiatives aimed at deepening understanding and raising awareness of the economic, social and environmental benefits of sustainable land management policies and practices.
210. We stress the importance of the further development and implementation of scientifically based, sound and socially inclusive methods and indicators for monitoring and assessing the extent of desertification, land degradation and drought, as well as the importance of efforts underway to promote scientific research and strengthen the scientific base of activities to address desertification and drought under the UNCCD. In this respect, we take note of the decision of the COP10 of the UNCCD to establish an ad hoc Working Group, taking into account regional balance, to discuss specific options for the provision of scientific advice to Parties to the UNCCD, including, inter alia, the use of existing scientific networks; establishment of a new scientific network focused on specific topics; use of existing intergovernmental scientific advisory mechanisms; and establishment of a new intergovernmental scientific panel on land and soil.
211. We reiterate the need for cooperation through the sharing of climate and weather information, and forecasting and early warning systems related to desertification, land degradation and drought, as well as to dust storms and sandstorms, at the global, regional and sub-regional levels. In this regard, we invite States and relevant organizations to cooperate in the sharing of related information, forecasting and early warning systems. [Agreed ad ref]
Mountains
212.  We recognize that the benefits derived from mountain regions are essential for sustainable development. Mountain ecosystems play a crucial role in providing water resources to a large portion of the world’s population; fragile mountain ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of climate change, deforestation and forest degradation, land use change, land degradation, and natural disasters; and mountain glaciers around the world are retreating and getting thinner with increasing impacts on the environment and human well-being. [agreed ad ref]
213. We further recognize that mountains are often home to communities, including indigenous peoples and local communities, who have developed sustainable uses of mountain resources.  They are, however, often marginalized, and we therefore stress that continued effort will be required to address poverty, food security and nutrition, social exclusion and environmental degradation in these areas. We invite States to strengthen cooperative action with effective involvement and sharing of experience of all relevant stakeholders, by strengthening existing arrangements, agreements, and centers of excellence for sustainable mountain development, as well as exploring new arrangements and agreements, as appropriate. [agreed ad ref]
214.     We call for greater efforts toward the conservation of mountain ecosystems, including their biodiversity. We encourage States to adopt a long-term vision and holistic approaches, including through incorporating mountain-specific policies into national sustainable development strategies which could include, inter alia, poverty reduction plans and programmes in mountain areas, particularly in developing countries. In this regard, we call for international support for sustainable mountain development in developing countries
Chemicals and waste (agreed ad ref)
215. We recognize that sound management of chemicals is crucial for the protection of human health and the environment. We further recognize that growing global production and use of chemicals and prevalence in the environment calls for increased international cooperation. We reaffirm our aim to achieve by 2020 sound management of chemicals throughout their life cycle and of hazardous waste in ways that lead to minimization of significant adverse effects on human health and the environment, as set out in the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation. We also reaffirm our commitment to an approach for the sound management of chemicals and waste at all levels that responds in an effective, efficient, coherent and coordinated manner to new and emerging issues and challenges, and encourage further progress across countries and regions in order to fill the gaps in implementation of commitments. [agreed ad ref]
216. We call for the effective implementation and strengthening of the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM) as part of a robust, coherent, effective and efficient system for the sound management of chemicals throughout their life cycle including to respond to emerging challenges.
217. We are deeply concerned that many countries, in particular least developed countries, lack the capacity for sound management of chemicals and waste throughout their life-cycle. Additional efforts are needed to enhance work towards strengthening capacities, including through partnerships, technical assistance and improved governance structures. We encourage countries and organizations which have made progress toward achieving the goal of sound management of chemicals by 2020 to assist other countries by sharing knowledge, experience and best practices.
218. We commend the increased coordination and cooperation among chemicals and waste conventions, namely the Basel Convention, the Rotterdam Convention and the Stockholm Convention, and encourage continued enhanced coordination and cooperation among them and with SAICM. We take note of the important role of the Basel Convention regional and coordinating centers and the Stockholm Convention regional and sub-regional centers. [agreed ad ref]
219.  We commend existing and call for continued, new and innovative public-private partnerships among industry, governments, academia and other non-governmental stakeholders aiming to enhance capacity and technology for environmentally sound chemicals and waste management, including for waste prevention. [agreed ad ref]
220. We recognize the importance of adopting a life-cycle approach and of further development and implementation of policies for resource efficiency and environmentally sound waste management. We therefore commit to further reduce, reuse and recycle waste (3Rs) as well as to increase energy recovery from waste with a view to managing the majority of global waste in an environmentally sound manner and  where possible as a resource. Solid wastes, such as electronic waste and plastics, pose particular challenges which should be addressed. We call for the development and enforcement of comprehensive national and local waste management policies, strategies, laws and regulations.
221. We urge countries and other stakeholders to take all possible measures to prevent the unsound management of hazardous wastes and their illegal dumping, particularly in countries where the capacity to deal with these wastes is limited, in a manner consistent with countries’ obligations under relevant international instruments. In this context, we welcome the relevant decisions taken at the 10th COP of the Basel Convention
222. We recognize the importance of science-based assessment of the risks posed by chemicals to human beings and the environment, and of reducing human and environmental exposure to hazardous chemicals. We encourage the development of environmentally sound and safer alternatives to hazardous chemicals in products and processes. To this end, we encourage, inter alia, life-cycle assessment, public information, extended producer responsibility, research and development, sustainable design and knowledge sharing, as appropriate.
223. We welcome the ongoing negotiating process on a global legally binding instrument on mercury to address the risks to human health and the environment and call for a successful outcome of the negotiations.
224. We recognize that the phase-out of ozone depleting substances (ODS) is resulting in a rapid increase in the use and release of high global warming potential hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) to the environment. We support a gradual phase-down in the consumption and production of HFCs.
225. We acknowledge that sustainable and adequate long-term funding is a key element for the sound management of chemicals and waste, in particular in developing countries. In this regard, we welcome the Consultative Process on Financing Options for Chemicals and Waste, initiated to consider the need for heightened efforts to increase the political priorities accorded to sound management of chemicals and waste and the increased need for sustainable, predictable, adequate and accessible financing for the chemicals and waste agenda. We look forward to the forthcoming proposals by the Executive Director of UNEP, which will be considered by the International Conference on Chemicals Management and 27th session of the UNEP Governing Council.
Sustainable Consumption and Production [agreed ad ref]
226. We reaffirm that sustainable consumption and production (SCP) is one of the overarching objectives of sustainable development, and recognize that fundamental changes in the way societies consume and produce are indispensable to achieving global sustainable development We acknowledge the wide disparities in consumption levels and patterns between rich and poor and between developed and developing countries. In this regard, all countries should promote sustainable consumption and production patterns,  with all countries benefiting and learning from that experience so as to move all our societies nearer to a sustainable future for all. We also recognize the need for focused strategies to meet the basic needs of the poorest segments of society.
227. We invite all States, relevant international organizations, the private sector and all major groups to enhance their efforts to achieve sustainable changes in consumption and production patterns while creating new economic opportunities and decent work, and securing good living standards and protection of people inn  vulnerable situations.
228.  We intend to improve resource efficiency in relevant economic sectors through accelerated and scaled-up implementation of best practices and techniques and we commit to further develop international cooperation in this regard, including enhanced capacity building and technical assistance to developing countries.
229. We adopt the 10-Year Framework of Programmes (10YFP) on sustainable consumption and production (SCP) as contained in doc INF/XX and stress that the programmes included in the 10YFP are voluntary.
Mining
230. We acknowledge that minerals and metals make a major contribution to the world economy and modern societies. We note that mining industries are important to all countries with mineral resources, in particular developing countries. We also note that mining offers the opportunity to catalyze broad-based economic development, reduce poverty and assist countries in meeting internationally agreed development goals, including the MDGs, when managed effectively and properly. We acknowledge that countries have the sovereign right to develop their mineral resources according to their national priorities, and responsibility regarding the exploitation of resources described in the Rio Principles. We further acknowledge that mining activities should maximize social and economic benefits as well as effectively address negative environmental and social impacts. In this regard, we recognize that governments need strong capacities to develop, manage, and regulate their mining industries in the interest of sustainable development.
231. We recognize the importance of strong and effective legal and regulatory frameworks, policies and practices for the mining sector that deliver economic and social benefits and include effective safeguards that reduce social and environmental impacts as well as conserve biodiversity and ecosystems including during post mining closure. We call on governments and businesses to promote the continuous improvement of accountability and transparency, as well as the effectiveness of the relevant existing mechanisms to prevent the illicit financial flows from mining activities
Education [agreed ad ref]
232.  We reaffirm our commitments to the right to education and in this regard, we commit to strengthen international cooperation to achieve universal access to primary education, particularly for developing countries. We further reaffirm that full access to quality education at all levels is an essential condition for achieving sustainable development, poverty eradication, gender equality and women’s empowerment as well as  human development, for the attainment of the internationally agreed development goals including the Millennium Development Goals, as well as for the full participation of both women and men, in particular young people. In this regard, we stress the need for ensuring equal access to education for persons with disabilities, indigenous peoples, local communities, ethnic minorities and people living in rural areas. [agreed ad ref]
233.    We recognize that the younger generations are the custodians of the future, as well as the need for better quality and access to education beyond the primary level.  We therefore resolve to improve the capacity of our education systems to prepare people to pursue sustainable development, including through enhanced teacher training, the development of curricula around sustainability, the development of training programmes that prepare students for careers in fields related to sustainability, and more effective use of information and communication technologies to enhance learning outcomes. We call for enhanced cooperation among schools, communities and authorities in efforts to promote access to quality education at all levels. [agreed ad ref]
234. We encourage Member States to promote Sustainable Development awareness among youth, inter alia, by promoting programmes for non-formal education in accordance with the goals of the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development. [agreed ad ref]
235. We emphasize the importance of greater international cooperation to improve access to education including through building and strengthening education infrastructure, increasing investment in education particularly investment to improve the quality of education for all in developing countries. We encourage international educational exchanges and partnerships, including the creation of fellowships and scholarships to help achieve global education goals. [agreed ad ref]
236. We resolve to promote Education for Sustainable Development and to integrate sustainable development more actively into education beyond the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005-2014). [agreed ad ref]
237. We strongly encourage educational institutions to consider adopting good practises in sustainability management on their campuses and in their communities with the active participation of inter alia students, teachers, and local partners, and teaching sustainable development as an integrated component across disciplines. [agreed ad ref]
238.   We underscore the importance of supporting educational institutions, especially higher educational institutions in developing countries, to carry out research and innovation for sustainable development, including in the field of education, to develop quality and innovative programmes, including entrepreneurship and business skills training, professional, technical, vocational training and lifelong learning, geared to bridging skills gaps for advancing national sustainable development objectives. [agreed ad ref]
Gender equality and women’s empowerment
239.  We reaffirm women’s vital role and full and equal participation and leadership in all areas of sustainable development, and decide to accelerate the implementation of our respective commitments in this regard as contained in the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) as well as Agenda 21, the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action and the Millennium Declaration. [agreed ad ref]
240. We recognize that, although progress on gender equality has been made in some areas, the potential of women to engage in, contribute to and benefit from sustainable development as leaders, participants and agents of change has not been fully realised due, inter alia, to persistent social, economic, and political inequalities. We support prioritizing measures to promote gender equality and women’s empowerment in all spheres of our societies, including the removal of barriers to their full and equal participation in decision-making and management at all levels, and we emphasize the impact of setting specific targets and implementing temporary measures, as appropriate, for substantially increasing the number of women in leadership positions, with the aim of achieving gender parity. [agreed ad ref]
241. We resolve to unlock women’s potential as drivers of sustainable development, including through the repeal of discriminatory laws and removal of formal barriers, ensuring equal access to justice and legal support, the reform of institutions to ensure competence and capacity for gender mainstreaming and the development and adoption of innovative and special approaches, to address informal, harmful practices that act as barriers to gender equality. In this regard, we commit to creating an enabling environment for improving the situation of women and girls everywhere, particularly in rural areas and local communities and among indigenous peoples and ethnic minorities. [agreed ad ref]
242.  We commit to actively promote the collection, analysis and use of gender sensitive indicators and sex disaggregated data in policy, programme design and monitoring frameworks, in accordance with national circumstances and capacities, in order to deliver on the promise of sustainable development for all.
243. We are committed to women’s equal rights and opportunities in political and economic decision-making and resource allocation and to remove any barriers that prevent women from being full participants in the economy. We resolve to mobilize to protect women’s right to full and equal access to economic resources, including the right to inheritance and to ownership of land and other property, credit, natural resources and appropriate technologies.
244. We are committed to promote the equal access of women and girls to education, basic services, economic opportunities and health care services, including addressing women’s sexual and reproductive health and their reproductive rights, and ensuring universal access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable modern methods of family planning. In this regard, we reaffirm our commitment to implement the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and the key actions for the further implementation of the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development.
245. We recognize that gender equality and the effective participation of women are important for effective action on all aspects sustainable development.
246.  We support the work of the UN system, including UN Women, in promoting and achieving gender equality and women’s empowerment in all aspects of life, including with respect to the linkages between gender equality and women’s empowerment and the promotion of sustainable development. We support UN Women leading, coordinating and promoting the accountability of the UN system in this regard. [agreed ad ref]
247.  We invite donors, international organizations including the UN System organizations, as well as international financial institutions, regional banks, major groups including the private sector, to integrate fully commitments and considerations on gender equality and women’s empowerment and to ensure the participation of women and effective gender mainstreaming in their decision making and full programming cycle. We  invite them to play a supportive role in developing countries’ efforts to integrate fully commitments and considerations on gender equality and women’s empowerment and ensure the participation of women and the effective gender mainstreaming in their decision making, programme planning, budgeting and implementation, in accordance with national legislation, priorities and capacities. [agreed ad ref]
B. Sustainable Development Goals
248. We underscore that the MDGs are a useful tool in focusing achievement of specific development gains as part of a broad development vision and framework for the development activities of the United Nations, for national priority setting and for mobilisation of stakeholders and resources towards common goals. We therefore remain firmly committed to their full and timely achievement. [agreed ad ref]
249. We recognize that the development of goals could also be useful for pursuing focused and coherent action on sustainable development. We further recognize the importance and utility of a set of sustainable development goals, which are based on Agenda 21 and Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, fully respect the Rio Principles, in particular common but differentiated responsibilities, and international law, build upon commitments already made, and contribute to the full implementation of the outcomes of all major Summits in economic, social and environmental fields including this outcome document. These goals should address and incorporate in a balanced way all three dimensions of sustainable development and their inter-linkages. They should be coherent with and integrated in the United Nations Development Agenda beyond 2015, thus contributing to the achievement of sustainable development and serving as a driver for implementation and mainstreaming of sustainable development in the United Nations system as a whole. The development of these goals should not divert focus or effort from the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals.
250. We also underscore that SDGs should be action-oriented, concise and easy to communicate, limited in number, aspirational, global in nature and universally applicable to all countries while taking into account different national realities, capacities and levels of development and respecting national policies and priorities. Governments should drive implementation with the active involvement of all relevant stakeholders, as appropriate.
251. We resolve to establish an inclusive and transparent intergovernmental process on SDGs that is open to all stakeholders with a view to developing global sustainable development goals to be agreed by the United Nations General Assembly. A Steering Committee shall be constituted no later than the opening of the 67th session of the UNGA and shall comprise  thirty experts nominated by Member States through the five UN regional groups with the aim of achieving fair and balanced geographic representation. At the outset, this Committee will decide on its method of work including developing modalities to ensure the full involvement of relevant stakeholders and expertise from civil society in its work in order to provide a diversity of perspectives and experience. It will submit a report to the 68th session of the UNGA containing a proposal for sustainable development goals.
252. The process needs to be coordinated and coherent with the processes considering the post-2015 development agenda. The initial input to the work of the Committee will be provided by the United Nations Secretary General. In order to provide technical support to this process and to the work of the Steering Committee, we request the UN Secretary-General to ensure all necessary input and support to this work from the UN system including through establishing an inter-agency technical support team and expert panels as needed, drawing on all relevant expert advice.
253. We recognize that progress towards the achievement of the goals needs to be assessed and accompanied by targets and indicators while taking into account different national circumstances, capacities and levels of development.
254. We recognize that there is a need for global, integrated and scientifically-based information on sustainable development. In this regard, we request the relevant bodies of the United Nations system, within their respective mandates, to support regional economic commissions to collect and compile national inputs in order to inform this global effort. We further commit to mobilizing financial resources and capacity building, particularly for developing countries, to achieve this endeavor.
VI. Means of implementation [agreed ad ref] 255. We reaffirm that the means of implementation identified in Agenda 21, the Programme for the Further Implementation of Agenda 21, Johannesburg Plan of Implementation, the Monterrey Consensus of the International Conference on Financing for Development and the Doha Declaration on Financing for Development are indispensable for achieving full and effective translation of sustainable development commitments into tangible sustainable development outcomes: finance, technology, capacity building, and trade. We reiterate that each country has primary responsibility for its own economic and social development and that the role of national policies, domestic resources and development strategies cannot be overemphasized. We recognize the need for significant mobilization of resources from a variety of sources and effective use of financing, in order to promote sustainable development. We acknowledge that good governance and the rule of law at the national and international levels are essential for sustained, inclusive and equitable economic growth, sustainable development and the eradication of poverty and hunger.
A. Finance [agreed ad ref]
256. We call on all countries to prioritize sustainable development in the allocation of resources in accordance with national priorities and needs, and we recognize the crucial importance of enhancing financial support from all sources for sustainable development for all countries, in particular developing countries. We recognize the importance of international, regional and national financial mechanisms including those accessible to sub-national and local authorities to implement sustainable development programmes and call for their strengthening and implementation. New partnerships and innovative sources of financing could potentially play a role in complementing sources of financing for sustainable development. We encourage their further exploration and use, alongside the traditional means of implementation.
257. We recognize the need for significant mobilization of resources from a variety of sources and effective use of financing, to give strong support to developing countries in their efforts to promote sustainable development, including through actions undertaken according to the outcome of UN Conference on Sustainable Development and for achieving sustainable development goals. 258. We agree to establish an intergovernmental process under the United Nations General Assembly, with technical support from the UN System, and in consultation with relevant international and regional financial institutions and other relevant stakeholders, with a view to proposing options on an effective Sustainable Development Financing Strategy to facilitate the mobilization of resources and their effective use.   259. An intergovernmental committee, comprising thirty members nominated by regional groups, with equitable geographical representation, will implement this process, concluding its work by 2014. 260. We request the General Assembly to consider this report and take appropriate actions.
261. We recognize that the fulfilment of all ODA commitments is crucial, including the commitments by many developed countries to achieve the target of 0.7 per cent of GNP for ODA to developing countries by 2015, as well as a target of 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of GNP for ODA to least developed countries. To reach their agreed timetables, donor countries should take all necessary and appropriate measures to raise the rate of aid disbursements to meet their existing commitments. We urge those developed countries that have not yet done so to make additional concrete efforts towards the target of 0.7 per cent of GNP for ODA to developing countries, including the specific target of 0.15 to 0.20 per cent of GNP for ODA to least developed countries in accordance with their commitments. To build on progress achieved n ensuring that ODA is used effectively, we stress the importance of democratic governance, improved transparency and accountability, and managing for results. We strongly encourage all donors to establish, as soon as possible, rolling indicative timetables that illustrate how they aim to reach their goals, in accordance with their respective budget allocation process. We stress the importance of mobilizing greater domestic support in developed countries towards the fulfilment of their commitments, including through raising public awareness, and by providing data on the development impact of aid provided and demonstrating tangible results.
262. We welcome increasing efforts to improve the quality of ODA and to increase its development impact. We also recognize the need to improve development effectiveness, increase programme-based approaches, use country systems for activities managed by the public sector, reduce transaction costs and improve mutual accountability and transparency and, in this regard, we call upon all donors to untie aid to the maximum extent. We will further make development more effective and predictable by providing developing countries with regular and timely, indicative information on planned support in the medium term. We recognize the importance of efforts by developing countries to strengthen leadership of their own development, national institutions, systems and capacity to ensure the best results of effective development by engaging with parliaments and citizens in shaping those policies and deepening engagement with civil society organizations. We should also bear in mind that there is no one-size-fits-all formula that will guarantee development effectiveness. The specific situation of each country needs to be fully considered.  263. We note that the aid architecture has significantly changed in the current decade. New aid providers and novel partnership approaches, which utilize new modalities of cooperation, have contributed to increasing the flow of resources. Further, the interplay of development assistance with private investment, trade and new development actors provides new opportunities for aid to leverage private resource flows. (Doha, para 47)
264. We invite the international financial institutions, within their respective mandates, to consider providing financial resources, including through specific mechanisms for the promotion of sustainable development and poverty eradication in developing countries.
265. We recognize that greater coherence and coordination among the various funding mechanisms and initiatives related to sustainable development is crucial. We reiterate the importance of ensuring that developing countries have steady and predictable access to adequate financing from all sources to promote sustainable development.
266. We recognize that ongoing serious global financial and economic challenges carry the possibility of undoing years of hard work and gains made in relation to the debt of developing countries. We further recognize the need to assist developing countries in ensuring long-term debt sustainability through coordinated policies aimed at fostering debt financing, debt relief and debt restructuring, as appropriate.
267. We stress the need for adequate funding for the operational activities of the United Nations development system as well as the need to make funding more predictable, effective and efficient as part of wider efforts to mobilize new, additional and predictable resources to achieve the objectives that we have set forth in this Declaration.
268. We recognize the important achievements of the GEF over the last twenty years in funding environmental projects and welcome important reform processes that the Global Environment Facility (GEF) has carried out during recent years and we call for its further improvement and encourage the GEF to take additional steps within its mandate to make resources more accessible to meet country needs for the national implementation of their international environmental commitments . We support further simplification of procedures and assistance to developing countries, in particular in assisting the least developed countries and SIDS in accessing resources from the GEF, and enhanced coordination with other instruments and programmes focusing on environmentally sustainable development.
269. We stress that fighting corruption at both the national and international levels is a priority and that corruption is a serious barrier to effective resource mobilization and allocation and diverts resources away from activities that are vital for poverty eradication, the fight against hunger and sustainable development. We are determined to take urgent and decisive steps to continue to combat corruption in all of its manifestations, which requires strong institutions at all levels, and urge all States that have not yet done so to consider ratifying or acceding to the United Nations Convention against Corruption and begin its implementation.
270. We consider that innovative financing mechanisms can make a positive contribution in assisting developing countries to mobilize additional resources for financing for development on a voluntary basis. Such financing should supplement and not be a substitute for traditional sources of financing. While recognizing the considerable progress in innovative sources of financing for development, we call for scaling-up of present initiatives, where appropriate.
271. We recognize that a dynamic, inclusive, well-functioning, socially and environmentally responsible private sector is a valuable instrument for generating economic growth and reducing poverty and promoting sustainable development. In order to foster private-sector development, we shall continue to pursue appropriate national policy and regulatory frameworks in a manner consistent with national laws to encourage public and private initiatives, including at the local level, to foster a dynamic and well-functioning business sector, and to facilitate entrepreneurship and innovation including among women, the poor and the vulnerable. We will work to improve income growth and distribution, inter alia through raising productivity, empowering women and protecting labour rights, and taxation. We recognize that the appropriate role of Government in relation to the promotion and regulation of the private sector will vary from country to country depending on national circumstances.
B. Technology
272. We stress the importance of access by all countries to environmentally sound technologies, new knowledge, know-how and expertise. We further stress the importance of cooperative action on technology innovation, research, development and transfer. We emphasize the importance of implementing technology transfer on mutually agreed terms, taking into account the importance of maintaining a balanced intellectual property system. We agree to explore modalities in the relevant fora for enhanced access to environmentally sound technologies by developing countries.
273. We underline the need for enabling environments for the development, adaptation, dissemination, and transfer of environmentally sound technologies. In this context, we note the role of foreign direct investment, international trade and international cooperation in the transfer of some environmentally sound technologies. We engage in our countries as well as through international cooperation to promote investment in science, innovation, and technology for sustainable development.
274. We recognize the importance of strengthened national, scientific and technological capacities for sustainable development. This can help countries, especially developing countries, to develop their own innovative solutions, scientific research and new, environmentally sound technologies, with the support of the international community. To this end, we support building science and technology capacity, with both women and men as contributors and beneficiaries, including through collaboration among research institutions, universities, the private sector, governments, non-governmental organizations, and scientists.
275. We note that consideration must be given to the role of patent protection and intellectual property rights in the relevant fora, including making use of existing flexibilities and addressing the issue of access to technologies with particular attention to the needs of developing countries.
276. We request relevant UN agencies to identify options for a facilitation mechanism that promotes the development, transfer and dissemination of clean and environmentally sound technologies by, inter alia, assessing technology needs of developing countries, options to address them and capacity building.
277. We recognize the importance of space-technology-based data, in situ monitoring, and reliable geospatial information for sustainable development policy-making, programming and project operations. In this context, we recognize the efforts in developing global environmental observing systems, including by the International Steering Committee for Global Mapping and the Eye on Earth network, and through the Global Earth Observation System of Systems. We recognize the need to support developing countries in their efforts to collect environmental data.
278. We recognize the importance of strengthening international, regional and national capacities in research and technology assessment, especially in view of the rapid development and possible deployment of new technologies that may also have unintended negative impacts, in particular on biodiversity and health, or other unforeseen consequences.
279. We recognize the need to facilitate informed policy decision-making on sustainable development issues and in this regard to strengthen the science-policy interface. (Agreed ad ref)
C. Capacity building
280. We emphasize the need for enhanced capacity building for sustainable development and, in this regard, we call for strengthening technical and scientific cooperation including North-South, South-South and triangular cooperation. We reiterate the importance of human resource development, including training, exchange of experiences and expertise, knowledge transfer and technical assistance for capacity-building, which involves strengthening institutional capacity, including planning, management and monitoring capacities. [agreed ad ref]
281. We call for the continued and focused implementation of the UNEP Bali Strategic Plan for Technology Support and Capacity Building. [agreed ad ref]
282. We encourage the participation and representation of men and women scientists and researchers from developing and developed countries in processes related to global environmental and sustainable development assessment and monitoring, with the purpose of enhancing national capabilities and the quality of research for decision- and policy-making processes. [agreed ad ref]
283. We invite all relevant agencies of the United Nations system and other relevant international organizations to support developing countries and, in particular, least developed countries in capacity-building for developing resource-efficient and inclusive economies, including through: (a)                Sharing sustainable practices in various economic sectors; [Agreed ad ref] (b)               Enhancing knowledge and capacity to integrate disaster risk reduction and resilience into development plans; (Agreed ad ref) (c)                Supporting North-South, South-South and triangular cooperation for the transition to a resource efficient economy; and (Agreed ad ref) (d)               Promoting public-private partnerships.
D. Trade [agreed ad ref]
284. We reaffirm that international trade is an engine for development and sustained economic growth, and also reaffirm the critical role that a universal, rules-based, open, non-discriminatory and equitable multilateral trading system, as well as meaningful trade liberalization, can play in stimulating economic growth and development worldwide, thereby benefiting all countries at all stages of development. (GA resolution 66/185 para 2) 285. We urge the Members of the WTO to redouble their efforts to achieve an ambitious, balanced and development-oriented conclusion to the Doha Development Agenda, while respecting the principles of transparency, inclusiveness and consensual decision-making, with a view to strengthen the multilateral trading system. In order to effectively participate in the WTO work programme and fully realize trade opportunities, developing countries need assistance and enhanced cooperation of all relevant stakeholders.
E. Broader measures of progress
286. We recognize the need for broader measures of progress to complement GDP in order to better inform policy decisions, and in this regard, we request the UN Statistical Commission in consultation with relevant UN System entities and other relevant organizations to launch a programme of work in this area building on existing initiatives.
F. Registry of commitments 287. We welcome the commitments voluntarily entered into at Rio +20 and throughout 2012  by all stakeholders and their networks to implement concrete policies, plans, programs, projects and actions to promote sustainable development and poverty  eradication. We invite the Secretary-General to compile these commitments and facilitate access to other registries that have compiled commitments, in an internet-based registry. The registry should make information about the commitments fully transparent and accessible to the public,  and it should be periodically updated